摘要
目的:探讨低收入家庭青少年情绪问题发展轨迹的异质性及其影响因素.方法:采用聚合交叉设计对504名低收入家庭青少年(M=13.99±1.84岁;男生188人)进行2年共3次追踪调查.采用长处与困难问卷情绪问题分量表对青少年的情绪问题进行评估,并采用父母教养方式量表、学校联结量表、自尊量表、儿童希望量表、简易应对方式量表对影响因素进行评估.结果:(1)低收入家庭青少年情绪问题的亚群组可以分为四组:恒低组、缓解组、陡升组以及恒高组;(2)母亲教养方式、学校联结、希望、自尊以及消极应对方式对低收入家庭青少年情绪问题各个亚群组的预测作用均显著.结论:低收入家庭青少年的情绪问题可以分为恒低组、缓解组、陡升组以及恒高组四个亚群组.同时,母亲关爱与控制、高学校联结、高自尊以及高希望可以缓解低收入家庭青少年情绪问题的维持和加剧,而消极的应对方式会加剧情绪问题.
Abstract
Objective:To explore the heterogeneity and influencing factors of emotional problems in adolescents from low-income families.Methods:A total of 504 adolescents from low-income families were followed up for 2 years,with three follow-up surveys by a convergent crossover design.The strengths and difficulties questionnaire emotional problems subscale was used to assess the emotional problems of adolescents,and school connectedness scale,children's hope scale,self-esteem scale and simplified coping style questionnaire were used to assess the predictors.Results:(1)From the group heterogeneity,four subgroups of low-income adolescents with different emotional problems developmental trajectories could be identified:constant low group,remission group,steep rise group and constant high group;(2)Maternal style,school con-nection,hope,self-esteem and coping style were all significantly predictive of the emotional problems of adolescents from low-income families.Conclusion:The emotional problems of adolescents from low-income families can be identified four subgroups:constant low group,remission group,steep rise group and constant high group.Furthermore,maternal caring and control,high level of school connection,self-esteem and hope can alleviate the maintenance and exacerbation of emotional problems in adolescents from low-income families,while negative coping styles exacerbate emotional problems.
维普
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