the concept of Center Ground(天下之中)had political characteristic,geographical character-istic and economic characteristic.Since the Western Zhou period,the concept of Luoyi(洛邑)located in the center of the world was well-known.In the Song Dynasty,several kinds of the Center Ground concept ap-peared.Yuetai(岳台)located in the center of the world during the Five Dynasties was combined with Kai-feng(开封)located in the middle ground.Afterwards,Kaifeng was regarded as the center of the world.People gathered in Kaifeng from different regions during the Song Dynasty.Zong Ze(宗泽)thought that the capital should return to Kaifeng because of this concept.But Li Gang(李纲)proposed that Xiangyang(襄阳)and Dengzhou(邓 州)were the centers of the world.In the Southern Song Dynasty,Zhu Xi(朱熹)agreed that Yuetai located in the center of the world.Meanwhile,scholars tried to recognize the geographical charac-teristic of the Center but doubted its cultural characteristic.And they intended to construct new image for Lin'an(临安)with the concept of people gathered.In conclusion,the concept of Center Ground in the Song Dynasty concentrated on the geographical characteristic that revealed the ideology,value and political con-ception of the Song people.
The Concept of Center GroundPeople gathered in Kaifeng from different regionsYuetaiXiangyangDengzhou
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