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明代画家杜堇生平的几个问题

Some Key Issues about the Ming Dynasty Painter Du Jin

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杜堇是活跃于明代成化、弘治年间的著名画家,其籍贯、出身、生卒年等重要问题,或误说流传,或含糊不清.籍贯以镇江丹徒说影响最大,此外还有太仓、吴及北海等记载,通过对相关史料的分析考证,原籍太仓说最为可信.杜堇的出身,《图绘宝鉴续编》说他"举进士不第",而万历《顺天府志》所著录的科举档案等史料证明,杜堇并未中过举人.他的生年,从当时科举制度及其早年创作、文人唱和诗作等材料推测,约为正统十年(1445年).卒年据友人邵宝文集七绝《追悼杜柽居》,可以考出为正德十五年(1520年).
Du Jin was a famous painter active during the Ming dynasty's Chenghua to Hongzhi era.Some key issues,such as his place of origin,family background,and dates of birth and death,are yet to be clarified.Du was believed to be a native of Dantu,Taicang,Wu,or Beihai.Based on historical records,the current paper verifies that his place of origin should be Taicang.According to Tuhui Baojian Xubian(A Sequel to Precious Mirror of Painting,图绘宝鉴续编),Du succeeded in the imperial examination at provincial level to become a juren.However,in records on imperial examinations in Shuntianfu Zhi(Annals of Shuntian Prefecture,顺天府志)written in the Wanli era and other related literature,Du was never a juren.Judged from imperial examinations of his time,his early writings,and some literati poems,Du was possibly born in the tenth year of the Zhengtong era(1445).He died in the fifteenth year of the Zhengde era(1520),according to Zhuidao Du Chengju(Mourning for Du Chengju,追悼杜柽居),a poem by his friend Shao Bao.

Du JinTuhui Baojian Xubian(A Sequel to Precious Mirror of Painting)TaicangShuntianfu Zhi(Annals of Shuntian Prefecture)Shao Bao

马顺平

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故宫博物院,北京,100009

杜堇 图绘宝鉴续编 太仓 顺天府志 邵宝

2024

中国国家博物馆馆刊
中国历史博物馆

中国国家博物馆馆刊

CHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.202
ISSN:2095-1639
年,卷(期):2024.(11)