Physiochemical properties of Symplocos paniculata oil and the preparing technics for bio - diesel were studied in this paper. The results showed the oil yield of seeds: 20.0％. The oil is a grease mainly containing palmitc acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids is up to 76.74％. Physiochemical properties ,compositions and mass fraction of fatty acid of the oils is consistent with the bio - diesel standards. The optimum conditions of esterification with pistacia chinensis bunge oil obtained by L9 ( 34 ) orthogonal experiments: the amount ratio of substance of oil to methanol is 1: 6, dosage of catalyst is 1.2％, reaction time 2 h, reaction temperature 60 ℃ ,conversion 92％. The bio- diesel performance index are close to No. 0 diesel,so it is a sort of ideal substitute for No. 0 diesel.
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