Preparation and Characterization of Rice Bran Nanocellulose and Cytotoxicity Evaluation
The study was carried out to obtain rice bran nanocellulose(RBNC)from rice bran cellulose(cellu-lose mass:90.22％)using sulfuric acid hydrolysis with different volume fractions(60％,64％and 68％).The morphology,potential,size,structure,physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of RBNC were investigated in the further study.The results of transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)confirmed that the obtained RBNC were needle-like shape with lengths ranging from 196.45 to 257.26 nm,diameters from 8.46 to 16.34 nm,and aspect ratios from 17.06 to 24.34.Zeta potential values of NC suspensions ranged from-32.9 to-35.2 mV.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis indica-ted that the chemical structure of the obtained RBNC still retained the cellulose type Ⅰ crystal structure.Moreover,the RBNC obtained by hydrolysis with 64％volume fraction of sulfuric acid had the best aspect ratio(24.34± 3.63),the highest crystallinity(81.32％),and the highest absolute zeta potential(-35.20±0.85)mV.In addi-tion,cytotoxicity evaluation revealed that RBNC did not decreased cell viability significantly to Caco-2 cells in the concentration range of ≤2 000 μg/mL,and to HepG-2 cells in the concentration range of ≤500 μg/mL,indica-ting that RBNC had a good biocompatibility.
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