摘要
以我国8个不同产地的沙田柚籽为研究对象,对比分析不同产地沙田柚籽油组成及风味特征的差异.结果表明:不同产地沙田柚籽油主要脂肪酸组成均为亚油酸、棕榈酸、油酸和硬脂酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸含量与产地存在显著性差异;不同产地沙田柚籽油的总酚含量为0.86～1.68 mg/g;不皂化物质量分数为0.19％～0.43％,共鉴定出51个组分,最多的为27种(湖南江永),最少的为15种(湖南衡阳);定量分析发现角鲨烯含量为1.0～110.0 mg/kg,β-谷甾醇含量为210～7 770 mg/kg,γ-生育酚含量为0.2～110.0 mg/kg.不同产地沙田柚籽油中共鉴别出31种挥发性化合物,其中醛类4种、醇类5种、酯类5种、含氧杂环类6种、含氮杂环类1种、烷烃4种、烯烃4种、其他2种,对比分析发现广东梅州、湖北宜昌沙田柚籽油整体风味呈现油脂香、水果香和青草香,但挥发性物质含量存在差异;重庆长寿沙田柚籽油风味接近于(S)-(-)-柠檬烯,呈柑橘香;江西南康、湖南江永、广西容县、湖南衡阳沙田柚籽油整体风味接近于正己醛,呈水果香和青草香,其中湖南江永和广西容县具有高度相似性;四川合江沙田柚籽油呈现油脂香.
Abstract
Seeds of Citrus grandis from eight different producing areas in China were taken as the research ob-ject,the composition and flavor characteristics of seeds oil of Citrus grandis from different producing areas were com-pared and analyzed.The results indicated that the main fatty acids of seed oil of Citrus grandis from different produ-cing areas were linoleic acid,palmitic acid,oleic acid and stearic acid,and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was significantly different from that from producing areas.The contents of total phenols,unsaponifiable matter,squa-lene,β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol in seed oil of Sha-tian pomelo from different habitats were 0.86～1.68 mg/g,0.19％～0.43％,the composition of unsaponifiable matter was analyzed by sampling GC-MS,and 51 components were identified,of which 27 were the most(Hunan Jiangyong)and 15 were the least(Hunan Hengyang);1.0～110.0 mg/kg,210～7 770 mg/kg and 0.2～110.0 mg/kg,respectively.A total of 31 volatile compounds were identified in seed oil of Sha-tian pomelo from different habitats,including 4 aldehydes,5 alcohols,5 esters,6 oxy-gen-containing heterocyclic compounds,1 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound,4 alkanes,4 alkenes and 2 kinds of others.The volatile matter content of seed oil of Citrus grandis in Guangdong Meizhou and Hubei Yichang was different,and the overall flavor was fat,citrus,fruit and grass.The flavor of seed oil of Citrus grand was in Chongqing Changshou is close to that of(S)-(-)-limonene,showing citrus fragrance;the whole flavor of seed oil of Sha-tian pomelo from Jiangxi Nankang,Hunan Jiangyong,Guangxi Rongxian and Hunan Hengyang was close to n-hexanal,showing fruit and grass fragrance,among which Hunan Jiangyong and Guangxi Rongxian were highly similar,seed oil of Citrus grandis in Sichuan Hejiang was fatty.
基金项目
湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JJ30289)
湖南科技学院2021年度科研项目(21XKY045)
维普
万方数据