摘要
目的 对内蒙古自治区(内蒙古)东部草原达乌尔黄鼠及其携带重要病原体的种类和分布进行调查,为当地啮齿动物源疾病的控制和病原体监测提供依据.方法 2021年5、7和9月分别在内蒙古8个样地捕获达乌尔黄鼠.使用荧光定量PCR(qPCR)/反转录qPCR(RT-qPCR)法对达乌尔黄鼠肝脏标本检测莫氏立克次体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体、恙虫病东方体、土拉弗朗西斯菌、巴尔通体、致病性钩端螺旋体、大别班达病毒和汉坦病毒8种重要病原体.使用χ2检验进行样地、季节、性别和不同体表寄生虫(蜱、螨、蚤)携带状态间达乌尔黄鼠病原体阳性率差异性分析.结果 共捕获达乌尔黄鼠181只,捕获率为1.44%,寄生虫携带率为77.35%.肝脏病原检测结果显示,巴尔通体阳性率为39.23%(71/181),其余7种病原体阳性率为0～8.84%.巴尔通体阳性率季节间差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.795,P<0.001),9月阳性率最高(66.67%),7月次之(52.75%).巴尔通体的阳性率样地间差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.697,P=0.005),N1、N3和N5样地巴尔通体阳性率分别为50.00%、42.86%和24.62%;W2、W3和W5样地分别为40.00%、42.86%和72.73%.不同性别和体表寄生虫携带状态间巴尔通体感染率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).除巴尔通体外的其他病原体感染率不同月份(季节)、样地、性别和体表寄生虫携带状态间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).同时感染≥2种病原体的复合感染阳性率为8.84%.结论 调查发现达乌尔黄鼠可携带多种病原体,并且存在多种病原体的复合感染,其中巴尔通体最值得关注.在南北走向的样线上,由北向南气温逐渐升高,巴尔通体阳性率逐渐降低;在东西走向的样线上,由西向东湿度逐渐增大,巴尔通体阳性率逐渐上升.初秋是当地达乌尔黄鼠防控的重点季节.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the species and distribution of pathogens carried by Spermophilus dauricus in the eastern grassland of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China,so as to provide a scientific reference for local control of rodent-borne diseases and pathogen surveillance.Methods S.dauricus rodents were captured from eight sites of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in May,July,and September 2021.The liver specimens of the captured rodents were examined using quantitative PCR(qPCR)/reverse transcription qPCR(RT-qPCR)for eight important pathogens,including Rickettsia mooseri,Anaplasma phagocytophilum,Orientia tsutsugamushi,Francisella tularensis,Bartonella,Leptospira interrogans,Dabie bandavirus,and Hantavirus.The Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in the positive rate of pathogens S.dauricus among sampling sites,seasons,sexes and different ectoparasite(ticks,mites,fleas)infection status.Results A total of 181 S.dauricus were captured,with a capture rate of 1.44%and a ectoparasite infection rate of 77.35%.The detection rate of Bartonella was 39.23%(71/181),while the detection rates of the other seven pathogens ranged from 0 to 8.84%.The Bartonella detection rate differed significantly between seasons(χ2=26.795,P<0.001),with the highest positive rate of 66.67%occurring in September,followed by 52.75%in July.There was a significant difference in the Bartonella detection rates of different sampling sites(χ2=18.697,P=0.005),which were 50.00%,42.86%,and 24.62%for N1,N3,and N5 sites,respectively and 40.00%,42.86%,and 72.73%for W2,W3,and W5 sites,respectively.There were no significant differences in the positive rate of Bartonella between sexes and between ectoparasite infection status(all P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the infection rate of pathogens other than Bartonella in different months(seasons),sampling sites,sexes,and parasite infection status(all P>0.05).The positive rate of co-infection with two or more pathogens was 8.84%.Conclusions S.dauricus carries a variety of pathogens,of which Bartonella is most noteworthy,and there is co-infection with multiple pathogens in S.dauricus.The detection rate of Bartonella decreases with increasing temperature from northern to southern sampling sites,and increases with increasing humidity from western to eastern sampling sites.Early autumn is the key season for S.dauricus control.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金重大项目(32090023)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2604000)
媒介生物监测与控制项目(102393220020000012)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据