A study on voltage-gated sodium channel gene mutations in Aedes albopictus in five urban districts of Changsha,Hunan Province,China
Objective To investigate the genotypes of the voltage-gated sodium channel(VGSC)gene and their distribution in field populations of Aedes albopictus in the"inner five districts"of Changsha,Hunan Province,China for information on their knockdown resistance levels,so as to provide a basis for scientific control of Ae.albopictus.Methods Adult Ae.albopictus mosquitoes were collected from five districts in the urban area of Changsha from June to July 2023,and then were soaked in 75％ethanol and stored at-20 ℃ after morphological identification.The genomic DNA of every single mosquito was extracted to amplify and sequence the target fragment of the VGSC gene to determine single-locus and multi-locus mutations at V1016,I1532,and F1534 of the VGSC gene.Results A total of 184 Ae.albopictus mosquitoes were collected,and the three loci were all successfully sequenced for 180 of the 184 samples.Mutations were detected at the V1016 and F1534 loci.At V1016,two alleles were detected(wild-type GTA/V,74.72％;and mutant GGA/G,25.28％);and three genotypes were found(wild-type homozygote V/V,58.33％;wild/mutant heterozygote V/G,32.78％;and mutant homozygote G/G,8.89％).No mutant individuals were found at the I1532 locus,and only one allele(wild-type ACC/I,100％)and one genotype(wild-type homozygote I/I,100％)were detected.At F1534,there were three alleles(wild-type TTC/F,23.62％;mutant TCC/S,39.44％;and mutant TGC/C,36.94％)and six genotypes[wild-type homozygote F/F(6.67％);wild/mutant heterozygotes F/S(21.67％)and F/C(12.22％);mutant homozygotes S/S(14.44％)and C/C(16.67％);and mutant heterozygote S/C(28.33％)].Conclusions Ae.albopictus mosquitoes in central urban districts of Changsha harbor frequent mutations and diverse genotypes at V1016 and F1534 in the VGSC gene,indicating the presence of resistance to pyrethroids at the molecular level,highlighting the necessity of scientific and reasonable use of insecticides and intensive resistance surveillance to delay the development of insecticide resistance.
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