Objective To study the distribution the toxicity effects of indium tin oxide nanoparticles(ITO-NPs)in rats after 12w intratracheal instillation exposure.Methods A total of fourty male SD rats were ran-domly divided into four groups:control(physiological saline),low dose(1.2mg/kg·bw),medium dose(3mg/kg·bw),and high dose(6mg/kg·bw),with 10 rats in each group.Rats were intratracheally in-stilled ITO-NPs in 1ml using a syringe,twice a week,and sacrificed at week 12 post-exposure.After poison-ing,animals were sacrificed and tissue samples were collected,including brain,lungs,liver,spleen,kid-neys,and testes.The indium content in the samples was measured by ICP-MS,and the tissue samples were subjected to pathological observation.Results Relative lung weights were significantly increased in all ITO-NPs-exposed groups.All organs exhibited a statistically significant difference in indium levels.The TBIL(1.11±0.10)and BUN(4.92±0.36)levels in the 1.2mg/kg·bw ITO-NPs group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05);The serum TBIL(1.06±0.16),BUN(6.35±0.25),and MDA(7.59±0.72)levels in the 3mg/kg·bw ITO-NPs group rats were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05);The AST(183.77±29.18),TBIL(1.06±0.13),DBIL(0.54±0.05),BUN(8.11±0.48),UA(190.44±38.37),Cr(245.54±49.21),and MDA(7.78±0.70).in the 6mg/kg·bw ITO-NPs group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).His-topathologically,foci of slight-to-severe acute inflammatory response along with alveolar proteinosis were de-tected,and the severity of these lesions worsened in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion After 12 weeks of exposure to ITO-NPs,indium mainly accumulates in lung tissue,followed by spleen,liver,kidney,testes,and brain tissue,and moderate to high doses of exposure can cause severe lung injury.
Indium tin oxide nanoparticlesSubchronic exposureDistribution in tissuesPathology
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