摘要
深入研究全自动挤奶机器人在中国的专利布局,对中国的技术研发和保护有重要意义.基于德温特(DI)专利数据库,利用文献计量法和主题聚类法,从专利申请年度变化、技术来源国、专利权人、专利法律状态、专家分类、IPC分类、研究热点等方面分析归纳出全自动挤奶机器人技术中国布局的特点.中国在该领域起步慢,2011年进入技术发展期.该技术重点专利权人集中,整体失效专利占比41%,专利维持力度不强.国外机构申请专利占比22.6%,主要来自瑞典、德国、荷兰和美国,专利权人主要包括利拉伐、基伊埃等.国内机构中授权且有效的专利数量较多的是安徽永牧、山东成城物联网等.国外机构在华专利有效专利比例和技术方向多于国内机构,尤其在自动奶杯套杯及脱落的定位及乳头识别装置、自动奶杯套杯或脱杯机械臂及动力装置、自动添加或移除奶牛群的挤奶机器或设备方向.建议中国机构建立专利池等有效合作机制,加强企业和大学、科研机构的合作,加强整体专利布局力度和前沿技术专利布局.
Abstract
In-depth study of the patent layout of the robotic milking machines in China is of great significance for Chinese technology research and protection.Based on the Derwent Innovation(DI)patent database,using the bibliometric method and topic clustering,the layout characteristics of the robotic milking machine in China are analyzed and summarized from the aspects of annual change of patent application,technology exporting country,patentee,patent legal status,classification defined by experts,IPC classification,research focus,etc.The analysis results showed that China started slowly in this field and entered a period of technological development in 2011.The key patentees of this technology were concentrated,the overall invalid patents accounted for 41%,and the patent maintenance was not strong.Foreign institutions had more effective patent ratios and technical directions in China than domestic institutions.Patent applications by foreign institutions accounted for 22.6%,mainly from Sweden,Germany,Netherlands and the United States,and patentees mainly included DeLaval and GEA.Among domestic institutions,Anhui Yomo Machinery Group Co.and Shandong Chengcheng Iot Technology Co.had more authorized and effective patents.Foreign institutions had more patents than Chinese institutions in advanced technology directions such as automatic teatcup attacher,automatic cluster remover,automatic teat identification equipment,mechanical arm and powerplant of automatic teatcup attacher or remover,automatic attaching or detaching of clusters.It is recommended that Chinese institutions should establish effective cooperation mechanisms such as patent pools,strengthen cooperation between companies,universities,and research institutions,and strengthen the overall patent layout and cutting-edge technology patent layout.
基金项目
国家科技图书文献中心2022年专项任务(2022XM50)
中国农业科学院农业信息研究所所级基本科研业务费(JBYW-AII-2022-25)
维普
万方数据