为探明我国大型奶牛场的温室气体排放情况,选取河南、内蒙古、宁夏3个规模化奶牛场为研究对象,根据《2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory》及各养殖场的生产数据评估了3个奶牛场的碳排放量.结果表明,在3个规模化奶牛场碳排放管理中,碳排放源主要为胃肠道发酵,占34.58%.奶牛场的能源使用和粪便管理的碳排放量接近,分别占总排放量的32.67%和32.75%.3个奶牛场的主要碳排放源为CH4和CO2,分别占54.7%和29%,3个奶牛场单位标准奶(FPCM)碳排放量分别为0.933kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM、1.078kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM、1.751kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM,平均单位标准奶碳排放量为1.16kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM.上述研究结果,可为我国规模化奶牛养殖企业确定碳减排目标提供参考依据.
Research and Analysis on Carbon Emission of Large-scale Dairy Farms in China
In order to investigate the greenhouse gas emissions of large-scale dairy farms in China,this study selected three large-scale dairy farms in Henan,Inner Mongolia,and Ningxia as the research subjects.Based on the"2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories"and production data from each farm,the carbon emissions of these three dairy farms were evaluated.The results showed that in the carbon emission management of three large dairy farms,the main source of carbon emissions was gastrointestinal fermentation,accounting for 34.58% .The carbon emissions from energy use and fecal management in dairy farms are similar,accounting for 32.67% and 32.75% of the total emissions,respectively.The main carbon emission sources of the three dairy farms are CH4 and CO2,accounting for 54.7% and 29% respectively.The carbon emissions per unit standard milk(FPCM)of the three dairy farms are 0.933kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM,1.078 kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM,and 1.751 kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM,respectively.The average carbon emissions per unit standard milk are 1.16 kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM.Based on the results of this study,it can provide a reference basis for determining carbon emission reduction targets for large-scale dairy farming enterprises in China.
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