Anoectochilus roxburghii is a rare and precious medicinal and ornamental plant of the Orchidaceae.It is favored by people for the rich variety of medicinal and nutritional components,and its market demand has been increasing in recent years.In order to promote the industrial development and basic research of A.roxburghii,this paper summarizes previous studies on A.roxburghii research,briefly compares the phylogenetic differences of Anoectochilus,focus on the research results of genomics(structural genomics/functional genomics)and adversity(biotic/abiotic interaction)response,analyzes the main factors affecting the quality of A.roxburghii(processing methods,cultivation models,strains).This paper systematically reviews the studies on germplasm resources,genomics,environmental interaction,quality difference and embryo reproduction that have not been carried out in depth,and puts forward corresponding strategies and prospects for the main problems and the solutions.It provides a feasible reference for the molecular biology research of precious medicinal plants in the era of big data.