Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Organic Fertilizer and Microbial Agent on Tomato Yield and Soil Microbial and Enzyme Activities
The effects of different chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer and biological agents on tomato yield,soil microbial and enzyme activities were studied to provide scientific basis for the feasibility of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer and biological agents and the reduction of fertilizer and efficiency in tomato planting.Six treatments were set up in the experiment,which were CK:blank control(no fertilization);CF:single application of chemical fertilizer;RF1:20％reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with 20％organic fertilizer;RF2:40％reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with 40％application of organic fertilizer;RFM1:chemical fertilizer reduction 20％with organic fertilizer 20％+biological agent;RFM2:40％chemical fertilizer reduction combined with 40％organic fertilizer+biological agent.The results showed that the number of bacteria in tomato rhizosphere soil increased by 53.05％-134.15％,the number of actinomycetes increased by 13.94％-26.55％,and the number of fungi decreased by 20.32％-37.92％,and increased with the increase of organic fertilizer application.The application of biological agents corresponding to the reduction of chemical fertilizer significantly increased the values of soil bacteria/fungi and actinomycetes/fungi.The activities of urease,sucrase and catalase increased with the increase of organic fertilizer application.The reduction of chemical fertilizer treatment corresponding to the increase of biological agent treatment significantly reduced the organic acid content of tomato,and increased the content of soluble solids,Vc and lycopene.The yield of RF1,RF2,RFM1 and RFM2 increased by 4.40％,6.55％,8.13％and 0.81％compared with CF.The fruit number per plant,fruit weight and yield of RFM1 were higher.In summary,the combined application of organic fertilizer and biological agents could change soil enzyme activity and effective nutrient content by improving the number and structure of rhizosphere soil microbial communities,optimize the rhizosphere environment,promote plant growth and development,and achieve the purpose of increasing yield and improving quality.Considering the number and structure of soil microorganisms,enzyme activity,yield and quality,it is more suitable to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer by 20％in greenhouse tomato cultivation with organic fertilizer and biological agent.
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