Effects of Sowing Date on Growth,Development,Yield and Quality of Different Types of Proso Millet
To reveal the effects of sowing period on the growth and development,yield and quality of proso millet in arid area of northwest China,we took non-waxy proso millet and waxy proso millet suitable for cultivation in arid areas of northwest China as the research objects,explored the growth and development,yield and quality changes of proso millet in the six sowing periods(S1:April 20,S2:May 5,S3:May 20,S4:June 4,S5:June 19,S6:July 4).The results showed that with the delayed sowing period,developmental phase of proso millet was delayed and the days of growth was shortened accordingly.The growth days of proso millet varieties in S1 ranged from 125-139 d,and that of S4 was shortened to 101-112 d,and that of S6 was only 81-88 d.Proso millet presented stunted growth with the delayed sowing period.In S4,the plant height of each kind of broomcorn millet was 10.63-16.70 cm(P<0.001)lower than that of S3.Under the S5,the spikes length of proso millet was longer,and the spikes weight,grain weight per spikes,thousand-grain weight and yield reached the top.In addition,the ear stem was shorter.In S5,the yield of'Longmi 12','Gumi 21','Yumi 2','Jishu 2','Chishu 8'and'Jinshu 9'was 18.0%,14.4%,15.1%,9.3%,8.0%and 10.0%higher than that of S3,respectively(P<0.05),and the length of ear stem was 13.1%、14.6%、15.1%、30.6%、15.3%and 11.8%shorter than that of S3,respectively(P<0.05).Besides,the quality of proso millet kernels was also significantly affected by the sowing period.The delayed sowing date could improve the quality of the proso millet,but sowing too late was unfavorable to the quality of the proso millet.The starch and protein of all varieties treated with S5 were the highest,and the starch and protein of all cultivars were 12.1%-22.7%(P<0.05)and 11.3%-20.5%(P<0.05)higher than that of S3,respectively.Taking the growth,yield and quality of proso millet into consideration comprehensively,the sowing period of S5 is proper for proso millet production in the arid area of northwest China.
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