摘要
为了解湘南烟稻轮作区植烟土壤肥力变化特征及当前土壤肥力水平,更好地管理植烟土壤资源及培肥改良土壤提供依据.以郴州市和永州市下辖10个地区为研究区域,通过对2010、2015、2022年土壤pH、有机质及其关键元素进行综合分析,系统评价了土壤肥力的变化情况.结果表明:相比2010年,2022年湘南烟稻轮作区植烟土壤pH和有效锰相对稳定,土壤有机质、碱解氮、全钾和有效钼分别下降了 9.78％、19.71％、32.37％和66.67％,而全磷、有效磷和速效钾却分别显著上升了 26.37％、76.78％和122.53％,土壤中微量元素(水溶性氯、有效铁、有效铜、有效硼和交换性镁)也出现显著增加.经过12年的生产利用,湘南各地区土壤综合肥力值均有提升,稻作烟区综合肥力指数整体提高了 0.190个单位,肥力等级由中等提升至较高等级,肥力显著提高.烟草施肥应稳pH控氮、磷增钾,增施钼元素肥料,保持锰元素施肥水平,减少氯和锌等中微量元素肥料的用量.
Abstract
To clarify the change characteristics and current soil fertility level of tobacco-planting soil in the tobacco-rice rotation area of southern Hunan Province,and provide theoretical basis for better management of tobacco-planting soil resources and soil improvement through fertilizer cultivation,soil pH,organic matters and key elements of 10 regions under the administration of Chenzhou City and Yongzhou City in 2010,2015 and 2022 were comprehensively analyzed,and the changes of soil fertility were evaluated systematically as well.The results showed that,compared with 2010,the pH and available manganese of tobacco soil in the southern Hunan tobacco rice rotation area in 2022 were relatively stable,while soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,total potassium and available molybdenum decreased by 9.78% ,19.71% ,32.37% and 66.67% ,respectively.However,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium increased significantly by 26.37% ,76.78% and 122.53% ,respectively.The trace elements in soil(water-soluble chlorine,available iron,available copper,available boron and exchangeable magnesium)also increased significantly.After 12 years of production and utilization,the comprehensive fertility value of soil in all regions of southern Hunan was improved,and the overall comprehensive fertility index of rice-growing tobacco area was increased by 0.190 units,and the fertility grade was increased from medium to higher grade,the soil fertility was significantly improved.Above all,under the premise of stabilizing the soil pH value,tobacco fertilization should strictly control the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus,increase the application of molybdenum,maintain the amount of manganese,and reduce the amount of medium and trace element fertilizers such as chlorine and zinc.
基金项目
中国烟草总公司重点研发项目(中烟办[2021]150号)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据