Effect of Sowing Period on Growth and Yield of No-till Aerial-Sowing Oilseed Rape
In order to optimize the suitable sowing periods for rapeseed under the no-till aerial-sowing mode,and address the issue of delayed sowing of rapeseed caused by dense stubble in rice-rape cropping system.Three field experiments were conducted during the 2020-2022 oilseed rape season in Wuxue and Huangpi,Hubei Province.Each experiment included eight treatments,with oilseed rape sown 1,3,5,7 d before and after rice harvesting.The impact of varying sowing periods on winter oilseed rape yields,yield components,and growth and development were analyzed.There was a significant difference(P＜0.05)in the rapeseed yield between the different sowing periods.The optimal time to sow was 3 d before and 3 d following rice harvesting;this resulted in an average yield increase of 28.3％compared to other sowing times.Density was the main factor affecting rapeseed yield in the pre-harvest rice sowing period,showing an increase with delay in the sowing period(P＜0.01).Compared to the 7 d and 5 d before rice harvest sowing treatments,there were an increase of 48.4％in mean maturity density and an increase of 8.2％in pre-winter seedling establishment in the 1 d and 3 d before rice harvest sowing treatments.The primary factor influencing rapeseed yield from post-harvest sowing of rice was the average number of pods per plant,which increased by 15.8％in the 1 d and 3 d post-harvest treatments of rice compared to the 5 d and 7 d post-harvest treatments.The number of pods per plant as well as the number of over wintering green leaves,stem thickness at bud stage,and stem thickness at flowering stage were found to be significantly positively correlated(P＜0.05)in different sowing periods following rice harvest.Additionally,the mean over wintering green leaves,stem thickness at bud stage,and stem thickness at flowering stage increased by 18.2％,12.9％,and 16.0％in the 1 d and 3 d following rice harvest treatments,respectively,compared to the 5 d and 7 d following rice harvest treatments.Sowing seed from three days before to three days after rice harvest can improve aerial-sowing oilseed rape yield by optimizing population structure and promoting individual growth and development.This study offers technical guidance for light and efficient oilseed rape production.
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