Research on Control Effect of Streptomyces costaricanus Strain A-m1 on Wheat Scab
The control effects of Streptomyces costaricanus strain A-m1 on wheat scab were studied in order to lay a foundation for the development of biocontrol agents for wheat production.The effects of A-m1 on spore germination and mycelial growth of wheat scab pathogen were determined,the genetic and enzymatic basis of the bacteriostatic effect of strain A-m1 was analyzed,and the control effect of spraying A-m1 bacterial liquid at flowering stage and applying A-m1 solid bacterial fertilizer at sowing stage on wheat scab was explored.The findings revealed that strain A-m1 exerted a potent inhibitory influence on both the conidial germination and mycelial expansion of Fusarium graminearum.The genomic of A-m1 encoded genes for the synthesis of streptomycin and tetracycline antibiotics,as well as genes such as casein,β-1,3-glucanase,cellulase,and chitinase.They had the effect of inhibiting or decomposing pathogenic bacteria,and further biochemical analysis verified the secretion of the four enzymes.Spraying A-m1 fermentation broth at wheat flowering stage had a control effect of 52.28％on wheat scab,a level of efficacy comparable to that of a 1000-fold dilution of 80％carbendazim solution.The application of A-m1 bacterial fertilizer substituting a portion of the traditional compound fertilizer at the sowing stage,led to a marked increase in the activity of defense enzymes,including polyphenol oxidase,peroxidase,catalase,and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.At the same time,the content of malondialdehyde was lower,and the control effect on wheat scab was 57.18％.In this study,the control effect of strain A-m1 on wheat scab was clarified,and the underlying mechanisms of its protective action had been partially dissected.Field experiments also confirmed the control effect of A-m1 fermentation broth spraying and strain A-m1 bacterial fertilizer application on wheat scab during sowing period,which laid a good foundation for the reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in wheat production.
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