首页|数字技术赋能农业新质生产力:作用机理、问题障碍与应对策略

数字技术赋能农业新质生产力:作用机理、问题障碍与应对策略

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发展农业新质生产力是我国缩小与主要发达国家农业差距、建设农业强国的战略举措.数字技术是影响农业新质生产力形成的关键变量.在微观要素层面,数字技术促使数据成为新生产要素,优化农业生产要素的创新性配置,能大幅提升农业全要素生产率;在产业中观层面,数字技术促进了农业社会再生产各环节之间及其内部的协作,不断催生农业新业态新模式,实现了农业深度转型升级;在宏观层面,数字技术促进了农业生产资料使用社会化、农业生产组织化以及农村产权制度完善,优化了农业生产关系,使其反作用于生产力的发展.然而,数字技术在农业领域的应用还存在农业基础数据的采集、联通落后于数字技术应用需求,农户涉农数字技术采纳意愿不强,数字技术开发面临经济性困境,政策和改革工具与数字技术工具不匹配,以及乡村数字基础设施滞后迟滞数字技术应用等问题障碍;同时,数字技术的广泛应用可能还存在数字斥农、平台企业不正当竞争、数据安全等风险隐患.为充分发挥数字技术赋能农业新质生产力发展,规避可能的风险隐患,急需优化相关制度和政策创设.
Digital Technology Empowering New Quality Productive Forces in Agriculture:Mechanisms,Challenges,and Strategies
The development of new quality productive forces in agriculture is a strategic initiative aimed at narrowing the gap between our country's agriculture and that of major developed nations,ultimately stri-ving to build a strong agricultural nation.Among these initiatives,digital technology stands out as a cruci-al variable influencing the formation of new agricultural productive forces.At the microlevel,digital tech-nology drives data to become a new production factor,optimizing the innovative allocation of agricultural production factors and significantly enhancing agricultural total factor productivity.At the mesolevel in the industry,digital technology facilitates collaboration between various links of agricultural social reproduc-tion and continuously gives rise to new agricultural modes and models,achieving deep transformation and upgrading of agriculture.At the macrolevel,digital technology promotes the socialization of agricultural production means,the organization of agricultural production,and the improvement of rural property rights systems,optimizing agricultural production relationships,and in turn affecting the development of produc-tivity.However,the application of digital technology in agriculture still faces obstacles such as the back-wardness of agricultural basic data collection and connectivity compared to the demands of digital technol-ogy application,weak willingness of farmers to adopt digital technology in agriculture,economic con-straints in digital technology development,mismatch between policy and reform tools and digital technolo-gy tools,as well as the lagging rural digital infrastructure hindering digital technology application.At the same time,the widespread application of digital technology may also pose risks such as digital exclusion in agriculture,unfair competition among platform companies,and data security concerns.To fully lever-age digital technology to empower the development of new agricultural productive forces and mitigate po-tential risks,there is an urgent need to optimize relevant institutional frameworks and policy creation.

Digital technologyNew quality productive forces in agricultureAgricultural modernization

周振

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国家发展和改革委员会产业经济与技术经济研究所

数字技术 农业新质生产力 农业现代化

国家社会科学基金青年项目

21CJY060

2024

中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)
中国农业大学

中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.208
ISSN:1009-508X
年,卷(期):2024.41(4)
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