为探究我国北方地区滴灌条件下不同灌溉量及品种对玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响，通过检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台和Web of Science等数据库，收集2000年1月-2022年6月公开发表的相关文献74篇，提取449组产量数据和453组水分利用效率(WUE)数据，对收集数据进行整合，设置最大灌溉量≤ 50％(W1)、＞50％～60％(W2)、＞60％～70％(W3)、＞70％～80％(W4)、＞80％～90％(W5)5 个亏缺灌溉处理组，以最大灌溉量的＞90％～100％作为对照(W6)，采用Meta分析方法定量分析不同灌溉量(W)和品种对玉米产量和WUE等指标的影响。结果表明:与W6相比，W4和W5均可显著提升玉米的产量和水分利用效率(WUE)，分别提升8。2％～15。2％和11。7％～16。5％;当灌溉量为W3时可维持玉米的产量且极大地提升了 WUE，其效应值(SMD)分别为0。12和0。89(P＜0。05);但当灌溉量为W1和W2时，产量的SMD在-0。22～0。83和(P＜0。05)，WUE的SMD在-0。41～0。04(P＜0。05)，与W6相比，产量和WUE都出现显著下降。此外，不同灌溉量下不同玉米品种对产量和WUE的影响不同，综合考虑产量和WUE，对于'西蒙6''咸科858'和'先玉1331'等水分较为敏感的品种，建议采用轻度亏缺灌溉W4和W5处理;而对于'农华101''中单909'等具有一定抗旱性的品种可以进行中度亏缺灌溉处理(W3);对于'均隆1217''先玉335'等抗旱性较强的品种，则可以按照W1和W2进行灌溉;最大限度提升WUE。综上，建议北方地区玉米生产采用最大灌溉量＞70％～90％的亏缺灌溉模式，能够显著提高玉米产量和水分利用效率。
Effects of different irrigation amounts and maize varieties on the yield of maize and water use efficiency:A meta-analysis
To investigate the effects of different irrigation amounts and varieties on maize yield and Water Use Efficiency(WUE)under drip irrigation conditions in northern China,we searched relevant literature published from January 2000 to June 2022 in CNKI,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,and Web of Science.A total of 74 publications were collected,from which 449 sets of yield data and 453 sets of WUE data were extracted.The collected data were then integrated.Taking 90％to 100％of the maximum irrigation amount as the control(W6),five different deficit irrigation treatments were set as follows:the maximum irrigation ≤50％(W1),＞50％-60％(W2),＞60％-70％(W3),＞70％-80％(W4),and＞80％-90％(W5).A meta-analysis method was employed to quantitatively analyze the changes in maize yield and WUE indicators among different irrigation amounts(W)and varieties under drip irrigation.The results indicated that:Compared to the control W6,the moderate deficit irrigation levels W4 and W5 significantly increased maize yield and WUE by 8.2％-15.2％and 11.7％-16.5％,respectively.When the irrigation was at W3,WUE was greatly improved while maintaining maize yield,with the effect values(SMD)=0.12 and=0.89(P＜0.05),respectively.However,at the irrigation levels W,and W2,both yield and WUE declined significantly compared to W6,with yield SMD=-0.22-0.83(P＜0.05)and WUE SMD=-0.41-0.04(P＜0.05),respectively.In addition,the effects of different maize varieties on yield and water use efficiency under different irrigation rates were different.Considering the yield and WUE,the light deficit irrigations W4 and W5 are recommended for the more water sensitive varieties such as'Simon 6','Hamco 858'and'Siena 1331'.For varieties with some drought resistance such as'Nonghua 101'and'Zhongdan 909',the medium deficit irrigation W3 is recommended;for varieties with strong drought resistance,such as'Junlong 1217'and'Xianyu 335',they can be irrigated at W,and W2 to maximize water productivity.In conclusion,it is suggested that a deficit irrigation pattern with 70％to 90％of the maximum irrigation can significantly improve the maize yield and water use efficiency.
meta-analysisirrigation amountsvarietiesyieldwater use efficiencydeficit irrigation
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