Transcriptome-based analysis of maize seedlings in response to salt stress
In order to analyze the salt tolerance genes and its related metabolic pathways in maize,two maize varieties,'Heyu 157'(HY157)and'Xianyu 335'(XY 335),were selected in pot experiment.The experiment was conducted to determine the growth indexes and transcriptome expression of maize seedlings under three different NaCl treatments as follows:0(CK),120(S1)and 240 mmol/L NaCl(S2).The results demonstrated that:In comparison to the control(CK),'HY 157'variety under S,and S2 treatments exhibited 3 305 and 4 314 differentially expressed genes(DEGs),with 1 900 and 2 457 being up-regulated and 1 405 and 1 857 being down-regulated,respectively;'XY 335'variety under S,and S2 treatments produced 729 and 5 037 differentially expressed genes(DEGs),with 293 and 2 500 up-regulated and 436 and 2 537 down-regulated,respectively.GO enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)revealed that the two maize varieties co-enriched up-regulated genes were significantly enriched in GO entries such as response to hydrogen peroxide,salt stress and carbohydrate metabolism processes.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in metabolic pathways such as starch and sucrose metabolism,phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,pentose phosphate pathway,benzoxazole biosynthesis,MAPK signaling pathway(plant)and phytohormone signalling.The results of the genome enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were primarily associated with metabolic pathways,including starch and sucrose metabolism,phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,the pentose phosphate pathway,benzoxazole biosynthesis,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway(plant)and phytohormone signalling.Three genes involved in the phenylpropane biosynthesis pathway exhibited a specific up-regulation and expression in'XY 335',while five genes demonstrated a specific down-regulation and expression in'HY 157'.Furthermore,the up-regulated transcription factors were predominantly observed in gene families belonging to the MYB,C2H2,AP2,NAC,bHLH,bZIP,and WRKY categories.In conclusion,under conditions of salt stress(120 and 240 mmol/L NaCl),the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)of'HY 157'were found to be involved in the modulation of a variety of adaptive responses including osmotic regulation,ion homeostasis and antioxidant defenses,thereby enhancing the tolerance of seedlings to salt stress.
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