Effects of Aged Cotton Straw Biochars on Soil Properties and Nitrogen Utilization of Wheat
In order to study the effects of different aged cotton straw biochars(freeze-thaw aged,dry-wet aged,citric acid aged)on soil properties and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat,3 nitrogen fertilizer levels including no nitrogen,low nitrogen(200 mg·kg-1)and high nitrogen(400 mg·kg-1),and 5 cotton straw biochars levels including add no cotton straw biochars(B0),add fresh cotton straw biochars(BC),add dry-wet aged cotton straw biochars(DB),add freeze-thaw aged cotton straw biochars(EB),add citric acid aged cotton straw biochars(CB)were set,and the wheat dry matter mass,nitrogen uptake and soil physicochemical properties were analyzed.The results showed that,compared with no cotton straw biochars,aged cotton straw biochars at different nitrogen application levels could increased soil organic matter content,and electrical conductivity was no significant difference,freeze-thaw and dry-wet aged cotton straw biochars treatments significantly increased soil pH,citric acid and freeze-thaw aged cotton straw biochars treatment significantly increased soil total nitrogen content.Compared with the fresh cotton straw biochars treatment,citric acid aged cotton straw biochar treatment significantly increased soil total nitrogen and organic matter contents and significantly decreased soil pH.Dry matter mass,cumulative nitrogen absorption,nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen apparent utilization rate were the highest in different treatments of low nitrogen application.The nitrogen absorption rate and nitrogen apparent utilization rate of wheat combined with citric acid aged cotton stalk carbon and low nitrogen fertilizer were higher,reaching 68.27%and 46.69%,respectively.In summary,the addition of aged cotton stalk biochars with citric acid was beneficial to soil nitrogen retention,could increase soil nitrogen and organic matter content,and weaken the effect of increasing soil pH and electrical conductivity,and the effect of nitrogen uptake and utilization were better when nitrogen application was low,which provided a theoretical basis for the long-term application of cotton stalk biochar.
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