Effect of Alfalfa Green Manure on Diversity and Function of Soil Bacteria in Apple Orchards in Tarim Basin
To explore the effect of planting cover crop alfalfa on the structure and function of soil bacterial community in apple orchards in the arid desert area of southern Xinjiang,the apple orchard intercropping alfalfa green manure(GMA)was as treatment with clear tillage(CT)as control,and 16S rDNA gene Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology and PICRUSt were used analyzed the structure and function of soil bacterial community in 0-20,20-40 and 40-60 cm soil,respectively.The bacterial community structure,diversity and metabolic function were compared between GMA and CT treatments.The results showed that cover crop alfalfa could significantly affect the diversity of soil bacterial community in the orchards,and the bacterial copy number and richness index(Chao1 and ACE index),diversity index(Shannon index)had been significantly improved.The relative abundances of Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes in GMA treatment significantly increased than CT treatment,with 10.15%,64.97%and 82.31%,respectively.According to PICRUST function prediction,cover crop alfalfa could significantly increase the relative abundance of bacterial functions in 0-20 cm soil layer of the orchard,with the more significant increase ranges in July and September,which could improve the ability of soil bacteria to biodegrade foreign matter and increase soil carbon and nitrogen metabolism.The correlation analysis between soil factors and microbial diversity indicated that the dominant bacteria plylums were positively correlated with total nitrogen,total carbon,available nitrogen and available potassium,and negatively correlated with pH.In conclusion,cover crop alfalfa in apple orchard could significantly change the composition of soil microbial communities,increase soil bacterial richness,diversity and copy number,significantly improved soil microbial functions,and played an important role in orchard soil maturation,promotion of material metabolism and fertility.
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