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BS型小麦光温敏雄性不育系柱头外露规律研究

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
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BS型小麦光温敏雄性不育系的开花习性影响其异交性能，进而影响杂交小麦制种产量。为了明确柱头外露对不育系异交结实的影响，以15个不育系为材料，同时选取3个配合力好、制种性状优良的恢复系作为父本，研究不育系从始花期开始连续10 d柱头外露率的变化规律及其与异交结实的相关性。结果表明，不育系在开花过程中柱头外露率基本呈先升后降的变化趋势。在盛花期，柱头外露主要集中在中部穗位。柱头外露性状较好的不育系为BS278-2、BS163、BS366、BS210。相关性分析结果表明，柱头外露率与柱头外露小花异交结实率呈极显著正相关。综上说明，柱头外露是影响不育系异交结实的重要因素之一，在制种时选择具有柱头外露性状的不育系可提升制种产量。以上研究结果为高异交光温敏不育系的选育提供了科学依据。
Study on Stigma Exsertion Pattern of BS Type Photo-thermo Sensitive Male Sterile Lines of Wheat
The flowering habits of wheat BS type photo-thermo sensitive male sterile lines affect its outcrossing performance,which affect the seed production yield of hybrid wheat.In order to clarify the effect of stigma exsertion on the outcrossing seed setting rate of sterile lines,15 different sterile lines were used as materials,and 3 restorer lines possessed good combining ability and excellent seed production trait were selected.The changing patterns of stigma exsertion rate in sterile lines were investigated for 10 d,from the beginning of flowering,and the correlation between the stigma exsertion rate and outcrossing seed setting was also studied.The results showed that the stigma exsertion rate increased firstly and then decreased in most sterile lines.In the full flowering stage,the stigma exsertion was mainly concentrated in the middle of ears.BS278-2,BS163,BS366,BS210 exhibited good stigma exsertion characteristics.The correlation analysis showed that stigma exsertion rate was significantly positively correlated with the outcrossing seed setting rate of stigma exsertion florets.In conclusion,stigma exsertion was one of the crucial factors affecting outcrossing of sterile lines,and the sterile lines with stigma exsertion could be selected for increasing seed production yield.Above results provided scientific basis for the breeding of photo-thermo sensitive sterile lines with high outcrossing seed setting rate.

BS type photo-thermo sensitive male sterile lines of wheatflowering habitsstigma exsertionoutcrossing seed setting

岳洁茹、秦志列、侯起岭、苑少华、郝小聪、杨吉芳、白秀成、赵昌平、张风廷、孙辉

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北京市农林科学院杂交小麦研究所,杂交小麦分子遗传北京市重点实验室,100097 北京

BS型小麦光温敏雄性不育系 开花习性 柱头外露 异交结实

国家小麦产业技术体系建设项目北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项北京市农林科学院杂交小麦研究所自主立项课题

CARS-03-3KJCX20230125XM22QN2024-4

2024

10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0177

中国农业科技导报
中国农村技术开发中心

中国农业科技导报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.252
ISSN：1008-0864
年,卷(期)：2024.26(10)