Current Status of Maize Mechanical Grain Harvesting and Its Relationship with Grain Moisture Content
[Objective] Grain mechanical harvesting is the key technology of modem production of maize,and a developing direction of maize harvesting technology at home and abroad.Making clear the current problems of maize mechanical harvesting technology,and studying the main factors that affect the quality of combine harvest maize are important to promote the development of maize grain harvesting technology in China.[Method] Since 2011,a number of experiments and demonstration of maize grain harvesting have been carried out in maize production regions,including the Northwest,Northeast and North,and Huang-Huai-Hai maize production regions.By the year of 2015,a total of 1 698 sets of sample data of grain harvesting quality were obtained from 168 plots of maize field in 15 provinces.[Result]The results showed that,(1) the average grain broken rate was 8.63％,the impurity rate was 1.27％,total grain yield loss of ear and kernel was 24.71 g·m-2,equivalent to the loss grain yield of 16.5 kg/667m2,the average total grain loss rate was 4.12％.The high grain breakage rate was the main quality problem for maize grain harvesting in China.The relationship between grain moisture content and broken rate can be fitted by the equation of quadratic polynomial,which is y=0.0372x2-1.483x+20.422(R2=0.452**,n=1698).In a certain range of kemel moisture content (＞ 19.9％),grain broken rate increased with the increase of grain moisture content.[Conclusion] At present,grain broken rate for maize mechanical grain harvesting in China is high,and the high moisture content of kemel is the main controlling factor.It is recommended to select maize hybrids which have the characteristics such as appropriate early maturing,low moisture content of grain and rapid dry-down at mature period,and to harvest at right moment,and to match grain drying and storage facilities,are the key measurements to achieve mechanical grain harvesting in maize production areas in China.
maizemechanical grain harvestingquality of harvestgrain moisture contentgrain broken rate
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
