首页|基于Bt毒素的杀虫蛋白理性设计与创新应用策略

基于Bt毒素的杀虫蛋白理性设计与创新应用策略

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Bt毒素是源于苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)的具有特殊杀虫功能的大分子蛋白，其制剂和转基因作物已广泛用于害虫防治，产生了巨大的经济和社会生态效益。围绕Bt毒素挖掘和提升其应用价值是持续研究的热点，特别是随着Bt毒素结构功能和作用机制日趋明晰，为其功能修饰和创新应用创造了条件，相关研究蓬勃发展，成效显著。大量研究表明，采用定点突变、结构域替换或融合以及抗独特型抗体模拟等策略，是理性设计活性更高、稳定性更强、杀虫谱更广、非靶标生物安全性更高甚至是可用于害虫抗药性治理的有别于母体Bt毒素的突变体、结构杂合体乃至功能效应物抗体等新型杀虫蛋白的有效手段;此外，采用催化毒素活化、驱动毒素靶向受体结合、促进毒素表达以及同源或异源杀虫材料复配或共表达的协同促效等创新增效策略，也是助推Bt毒素应用价值的重要手段。本文总结了 Bt毒素结构功能和作用机制，梳理了基于Bt毒素功能修饰的突变体、结构杂合体以及功能效应物抗体等新型杀虫蛋白理性设计和基于Bt毒素功能增效的创新应用策略等相关研究进展，并结合作者团队在模拟Bt毒素杀虫功能效应物抗体靶向设计研发方面的最新成果，探讨了基于Bt毒素的杀虫蛋白理性设计与创新应用策略未来发展动向及潜在可行捷径，为相关研究提供较为全面的最新有价值的文献资料和启发思路。
Rational Design and Innovative Application Strategy for the Insecticidal Protein Based on Bt Toxin
Bt toxin is a macromolecular protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis with special insecticidal function.Its preparation and transgenic crops have been widely used in pest control,and have produced huge economic and social ecological benefits.Exploiting and improving the application value of Bt toxin is a hot spot of continuous research.In particular,as the structure and function of Bt toxin and its mechanism of action appear clearer,it has created conditions for its functional modification and innovative application.As a result,the related research has flourished and achieved remarkable results.A large number of studies have shown that strategies such as site directed mutagenesis,domain replacement or fusion,and anti-idiotype antibody simulation are effective means to rationally design novel insecticidal proteins with higher activity,greater stability,wider insecticidal spectrum and higher non-target biosecurity.Those novel insecticidal proteins are different from parent Bt toxins,of which are mutants,structural heterozygotes and even functional effector antibodies.In addition,it is also an important approach to promote the application value of Bt toxin by use of innovative synergistic strategies such as catalytic toxin activation,driving toxin-targeted receptor binding,promoting toxin expression and the synergistic effect of combination or co-expression of homologous or heterologous insecticidal materials.This paper summarizes the structure and function of Bt toxin and its mechanism of action.It also reviews the research progress in rational design of novel insecticidal proteins such as mutants,structural heterozygotes and functional effector antibodies based on Bt toxin function modification,and innovative application strategies based on Bt toxin function enhancement.The future development trend and potential shortcut of rational design and innovative application strategy for insecticidal protein based on Bt toxin were discussed.Furthermore,the author's team combined it with the latest achievements in targeting design and development of the insecticidal function effector antibodies simulating Bt toxin.This paper is expected to provide more comprehensive and valuable literature information and enlighten ideas for the related research based on Bt toxin.

Bt toxinBacillus thuringiensisinsecticidal proteinsite-directed mutagenesisanti-idiotype antibodyprotein fusion expressioninsecticidal synergist

徐重新、金嘉凤、孙晓明、沈成、张霄、陈澄宇、刘贤金、刘媛

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江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室,南京 210014

江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江 212013

南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京 210023

Bt毒素 苏云金芽孢杆菌 杀虫蛋白 定点突变 抗独特型抗体 蛋白融合表达 杀虫增效物

江苏省自然科学基金面上项目国家自然科学基金重点项目江苏省农业自主创新项目

BK2023138431630061CX221009

2024

10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.01.008

中国农业科学
中国农业科学院

中国农业科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.899
ISSN：0578-1752
年,卷(期)：2024.57(1)
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