Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels on Grain Yield,Plant Nitrogen Utilization Characteristics and Grain Quality of Foxtail Millet
[Objective]To provide the theoretical basis for rational nitrogen(N)application and promoting high yield and high quality of foxtail millet(Setaria italica(L.)Beauv.),this study aimed to clarify the effects of different N application rates on plant N utilization characteristics,grain yield and grain quality of foxtail millet.[Method]To investigate the effects of different N application levels on plant N accumulation,transfer and utilization characteristics,grain yield and its components,grain micronutrients content and pasting properties,a 2-year field experiment(2020-2021)was performed with different N fertilization application at four levels(0,75,120,and 150 kg·hm-2,represented as N0,N75,N120,and N150,respectively)in the Qinxian County of Shanxi Province,located in the spring sowing region of China.[Result]Compared with N0,N application increased panicle number per unit area at harvest,grain number per panicle and plant productivity of foxtail millet.N application also significantly enhanced N translocation and promoted the distribution of both dry matter and N in grains.As a consequence,an enhanced grain yield was obtained when subjected to N application.Further,among all treatments,the highest values of panicle number per unit area at harvest,grain number per panicle,both grain yield and biomass,harvest index,total N accumulation and N translocation efficiency were obtained when 75 kg·hm-2 was supplied;compared with the values produced by N0,the increased rate reached 7.5%,23.3%,31.0%,21.2%,8.6%,40.3%and 9.2%by N75,respectively.Compared with N0 treatment,the content of Fe,Zn,Ca,Mg and Se in foxtail millet grains under N75 treatment were increased by 37.3%,43.6%,56.0%,30.5%and 16.9%at most,respectively.Excessive N application(N 150)decreased grain number,harvest index and N translocation efficiency compared with N75 treatment.More than 75 kg·hm-2 application resulted in diminished N translocation efficiency,by 23.1%and 28.1%,in 2020 and 2021,respectively.The content of amylopectin and starch yield were also limited by excessive N.Over-use N fertilizer also significantly decreased final viscosity,setback and trough viscosity.Pearson correlation coefficients demonstrated a strong positive relationship between plant N accumulation and the content of Fe,Zn,Ca,Mg and Se in foxtail millet grains,and a significant negative relationship between plant N accumulation and the content of amylopectin,final viscosity and trough viscosity in foxtail millet grains.[Conclusion]The N application at 75-120 kg·hm-2 could promoted the allocation of dry matter and N in grain,which was relative to the enhanced N transfer from vegetative organs to grains.Also the reasonable pasting properties and biofortification of beneficial trace elements of Fe,Zn,Ca,Mg and Se was produced by such N dose in this study area.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
