The Effects of Potato Root Exudates on the Hatching and Chemotaxis of Globodera rostochiensis and Verification of Exogenous Acid Substances
[Objective]The objective of this study is explore the effects of root exudates from different resistant potato varieties and different growth stages on the hatching and chemotaxis of Globodera rostochiensis,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the green prevention and control of G rostochiensis.[Method]The root exudates of four potato varieties at three growth stages were collected.The effects of root exudates on the hatching and chemotaxis of G rostochiensis were studied by the soaking method and filter paper method.The components of root exudate were analyzed by GC-MS.Eight standard exogenous acids,caffeic acid,succinic acid,3-phenylpropionic acid,3-hydroxypropionic acid,3-amino-3-methyl-butyric acid,glycolic acid,stearic acid,and L-lactic acid,were selected,and the effects of the main acids of root exudates on the hatching and chemotaxis of G.rostochiensis were verified by the soaking method and filter paper method.[Result]The efficiency of stimulating hatching of G rostochiensis by root exudates of susceptible varieties Qingshu 9 and Huize 2 was higher than that of resistant varieties Xuanshu 6 and Yunshu 505.At three growth stages(15 d(germination stage),30 d(seedling stage),55 d(tuber formation stage)),the effect of susceptible varieties on hatching stimulation was stronger than that of resistant varieties,and the effect of stimulating hatching of each variety root exudate at 30 d(seedling stage)was better than that at 15 d(germination stage)and 55 d(tuber formation stage).The stimulating hatchability of root exudates from Qingshu 9 was 7.20％,27.30％,and 5.70％at 15,30 and 55 d,respectively;that of Huize 2 was 10.50％,38.00％,and 9.40％,Xuanshu 6 was 5.40％,20.40％,and 16.30％,Yunshu 505 was 13.20％,21.80％,and 3.10％at 15,30 and 55 d,respectively.Among the root exudates of four potato varieties,Qingshu 9 was more attractive to G.rostochiensis.At three growth stages,except for Xuanshu 6,the root exudates of the other three varieties at 15 d had a better attraction effect than at 30 and 55 d.The attraction rate of root exudates of Qingshu 9 at 15,30 and 55 d was 13.73％,9.68％,and 6.13％,respectively,that of Huize 2 was 5.65％,4.76％,and 4.89％,Yunshu 505 was 4.86％,4.13％,and 2.91％,Xuanshu 6 was 4.11％,5.77％,and 6.47％at 15,30 and 55 d,respectively.According to GC-MS analysis and identification,potato root exudates mainly contain 9 kinds of substances,including 24 acids,13 amino acids,5 salts,3 alcohols,3 hydrocarbons,3 carbohydrates,2 phenols,1 ketone,and 1 lipid.From the species and proportion,acids,amino acids,phenols and alcohols are the main components of potato root exudates.The experiment of 8 kinds of exogenous acid substances showed that succinic acid and 3-hydroxypropionic acid had a significant effect on the hatching stimulation of G rostochiensis.Caffeic acid and 3-phenylpropionic acid had a significant effect on the chemotaxis of G.rostochiensis.However,compared with the effects of root exudates from four varieties at 30 d on G rostochiensis,it was found that the hatching stimulation effects of above acids with significant effects were significantly lower than those of root exudates,and there was no significant difference in chemotaxis.[Conclusion]The root exudates from different potato varieties and different growth stages all have effects on the hatching and chemotaxis of G rostochiensis.The effects of hatching and chemotaxis of G rostochiensis by root exudates from susceptible varieties were higher than those of resistant varieties.The effects of susceptible and resistant varieties on G rostochiensis began at 15 d(germination stage)when the root system appeared,were strongest at 30 d(seedling stage),and weakened at 55 d(tuber formation stage).The potato root exudates are diverse,the main components are acids,amino acids,and alcohols,and the resistance and susceptible varieties are slightly different.Succinic acid and 3-hydroxypropionic acid had a significant effect on hatching,caffeic acid and 3-phenylpropionic acid had a significant effect on chemotaxis.Single acid had significantly less effect on hatching of G rostochiensis than root exudates.
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