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市场机制下的大城市蔬菜自给率政策研究

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尽管强调大城市蔬菜自给的政策由来已久,但一些城市的蔬菜生产仍呈下降趋势,随着政策改革和经济技术的进步,全国性蔬菜市场逐步形成并不断完善,部分大城市下降的蔬菜产能由外地填补。通过分析蔬菜批发商的经济行为和蔬菜产销流向的内在机理,本研究认为成本格局决定蔬菜的产销格局,而产地是影响特定市场蔬菜成本的最主要因素,成本差异导致不同产地蔬菜在特定市场的进退,成本劣势导致部分大城市蔬菜自给率下降。另外,蔬菜生产具有季节性,对大城市应急保障作用有限,由于生产及交通条件的差异,本行政区的蔬菜未必比相邻省区更能应急。基于此,建议调整优化大城市蔬菜自给率政策,构建国内蔬菜市场大循环,促进蔬菜产能向优势产区转移,优化"菜篮子"工程考核体系。
Vegetable Self-sufficiency Policy of Big Cities under the Market Mechanism
Despite the emphasis on vegetable self-sufficiency has a long history in big cities,vegetable production is still declining in some big cities.With policy reform and economic and technological progress,the national vegetable market has gradually formed and constantly improved,and the declining vegetable production capacity in some major cities has been filled by other regions.By analyzing the economic behavior of vegetable wholesalers and the internal mechanism of vegetable production and marketing,this paper held that the cost pattern determines the market pattern of vegetables,and the producing area is the most important factor that affects the cost of vegetables in a specific market,and the cost difference leads to the advance and retreat of vegetables from different producing areas in a specific market,the cost disadvantage will inevitably lead to the shrink of vegetable production in many big cities.In addition,vegetable production is seasonal and has limited effect on the emergency response in big cities,due to the difference of production and traffic conditions,local vegetable production have no obvious emergency protection effect on local market compared to neighbor regions.Therefore,it was suggested to adjust and optimize the policy of vegetable self-sufficiency rate in big cities,construct the domestic vegetable market cycle,promote the transfer of vegetable production capacity to superior producing areas,and optimize the"vegetable basket"project assessment system.

big citiesvegetableproductioncirculationself-sufficiency ratepolicymarket mechanism

王修达、王晓东

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北京市数字农业农村促进中心 北京 100029

大城市 蔬菜 生产 流通 自给率 政策 市场机制

现代农业产业技术体系建设项目北京市创新团队项目(2023)

BAIC11-2023-10

2024

农业展望
中国农业科学院农业信息研究所

农业展望

影响因子:0.713
ISSN:1673-3908
年,卷(期):2024.20(2)
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