STUDY ON THE DIFFERENTIATION MECHANISM OF FARMERS'LIVELIHOODS IN THE APPLE SUPERIOR PRODUCTION REGION ON THE LOESS PLATEAU——COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BASED ON DIFFERENT TERRAIN DIVISIONS
Taking Changwu county,an apple ecoregion in the Loess Plateau,as an example,this research reveals the livelihood differentiation status of farm households in each topographic region in terms of livelihood capital and livelihood strategies,clarifies the factors influencing the livelihood differentiation of farm households,and explores the mechanism of farmers'livelihood differentiation in the study area.Based on the theory of sustainable livelihoods,this study constructed an index system,analyzed the current situation of the livelihood capital of farm households in each topographic area,and identified the factors that influenced the livelihood differentiation of farm households through a logistic regression model.The results were showed as follows.(1)With the adjustment of industrial structure and planting structure,work-oriented type,apple-planting type and part-time comprehensive type livelihood strategies had gradually separated from the traditional agricultural type livelihood strategies,and the trend of non-agricultural livelihoods was obvious.(2)There were significant differences in the livelihood capital of farmers in the study area,presenting the characteristics of loess tableland region>loess ridge region>loess gully region,part-time comprehensive type>work-oriented type>apple-planting type>traditional agriculture type.(3)Affected by terrain conditions,the influencing factors of the same livelihood strategy in different districts were different,and the degree and direction of impact of the same livelihood capital on the same livelihood strategy were also different.Therefore,the livelihood differentiation of farmers in the study area is the result of multiple factors.The adjustment of industrial structure and planting structure based on resource endowment is the basis for livelihood differentiation.Livelihood capital is the internal driving factor of livelihood differentiation.Terrain conditions lead to differences in the degree and direction of the impact of livelihood capital on livelihood strategies among different regions,which is also an important reason for the differentiation of farmers'livelihoods.
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