EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY OF GRAIN PRODUCTION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON——BASED ON SUPER-EFFICIENCY SBM-UNDESIRABLE MODEL
The green development of grain production has the dual significant roles of ensuring food security and ecology security.This paper estimated the environmental efficiency by using a super-efficient SBM-Undesirable model based on farm-level data in the main grain producing areas in 2021.And then a regression model was used to identify the influencing factors on the environmental efficiency.The results were listed as follows.(1)The grain production system had significant positive externalities from the perspective of carbon,with an average carbon eco-efficiency of 3.125.Fertilizer and machinery use were the two sources of carbon emissions from production inputs.(2)The average environmental efficiency of grain production was 0.514;further decomposition of the inefficiency indicated that excessive use of pesticides and labor was the main source of environmental inefficiency.(3)Regression results showed that purchasing agricultural insurance,adopting water-saving irrigation technology,improving education of household heads,and upgrading farmland quality could improve environmental efficiency.The results indicate that grain production efficiency needs further improvement,whereas low efficient input utilization and excessive pollution are the two key barriers.So,it should accelerate the transformation of low and medium-yield farm land,promote the use of agricultural machineries that are low-carbon and energy-saving,set up more farmland pollution monitoring sites,guide farmers to use pesticides scientifically,and promote the combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers.
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