CARBON TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH ACCOUNTING,DYNAMIC EVOLUTION AND SPATIAL SPILLOVERS IN CHINA'S PLANTING INDUSTRY
Promoting sustainable development and achieving the"double carbon"goal in China's planting industry depends on carbon total factor productivity growth.In this article,we regarded carbon emissions and carbon sinks as unexpected and expected outputs,respectively,and adopted the non-radial and non-angle SBM-GML index model to analyze and decompose the carbon total factor productivity growth in the planting industry across 30 Chinese provinces(cities,autonomous regions excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)from 2000 to 2020,then employed kernel density estimation to reveal its dynamic evolution trend.Furthermore,we applyed a spatial Durbin model to assess the influencing factors and their spatial spillover effects.Our results were showed as follows.(1)There was a promising annual growth of 1.76%in carbon total factor productivity,complemented by a 1.97%average annual advancement in frontier technological progress and a 0.21%average annual decline in technical efficiency.(2)Notably,the kernel density curve illustrated a transformation from a"sharp-narrow"shape to a"wide-flat"shape in China's planting industry,indicating a broadening inter-provincial disparity.(3)Agricultural economic development,agricultural structural adjustment,and per capita net income of rural residents significantly reinforced carbon total factor productivity growth in the planting industry.At the same time,the levels of financial support and urbanization posed notable obstacles.Moreover,there were significant positive spatial spillover effects related to agricultural economic development and structural adjustment.Given these findings,our study underscores the need to prioritize low-carbon production and development in less-developed regions and provinces and to encourage inter-regional and inter-provincial cooperation.In order to promote the low-carbon transition and sustainable development in the planting industry,we need to raise the income level of rural residents as well as to rationally adjust the direction and proportion of financial support for agriculture.
planting industrycarbon total factor productivity growth accountingagricultural energy carbon emis-sionscarbon sinksdynamic evolutionspatial spillover effects
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