Research progress on cholesterol metabolism in the occurrence,development,and diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Objective To summarize the remodeling of cholesterol metabolism in the occurrence and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),and to review the research progress on targeted cholesterol metabolism in the treatment of PDAC.Method Relevant literatures on cholesterol metabolism in the occurrence,development,and diagnosis and treatment of PDAC in recent years were searched and reviewed.Results Metabolites of PDAC tumor cells affected the expression of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes.Signaling regulation within tumor cells affects cholesterol metabolism,characterized by increased de novo cholesterol synthesis and esterification,and reduced efflux.Tumor cells also regulated tumor immune microenvironment or tumor stroma formation through cholesterol metabolism.Inhibiting cholesterol metabolism could suppress the proliferation,invasion and migration of PDAC tumor cells,and combination therapy targeting cholesterol metabolism had a synergistic anti-PDAC effect.Conclusions Remodeling of cholesterol metabolism occurs in both PDAC tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment,and is closely related to the occurrence,development,invasion,metastasis,and treatment response of PDAC.Targeting cholesterol metabolism or combined application with chemotherapy drugs can have anticancer effects.However,more research is needed to support the translation of cholesterol metabolism regulation into clinical treatment applications.
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