Background Cognitive impairment can lead to a decline in cognitive function,depression,and loneliness,as well as decreased self-efficacy and quality of life in older adults.Objective To investigate the effects of non-pharmacological integrated interventions on cognitive function,depression,loneliness,self-efficacy,and quality of life in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Methods Based on risk factors for cognitive impairment,a non-pharmacological integrated intervention program was developed in five dimensions of cognitive training,physical exercise,emotional management,social connection,and healthy lifestyle habits.Using a single-subject A-B-A experimental design,a 3-month intervention,which was conducted once a week for 60 minutes,was performed in three elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment from June to December 2021.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA),Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15),12-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-12),General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES),and De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale(DJGLS)were administered to the 3 older adults at baseline,3 months of the intervention,and 3 months after the intervention,to assess the scores of each scale from the 5 dimensions of cognitive function,self-efficacy,quality of life,depression,and loneliness,the changes in the scores were analyzed.A semi-structured interview was conducted 3 months after the intervention to evaluate the intervention effects in terms of cognitive function,quality of life,depression,self-efficacy,and loneliness dimensions.Results The 3 older adults included in the study were 74,70,73 years old,all married,living with their spouses and grandchildren.The three older adults had MoCA scores of 21,22,and 24 at baseline,28,26,and 27 at 3 months of intervention,and 25,19,and 23 at 3 months after intervention;GSES scores were 25,30,and 27 at baseline,29,29,and 30 at 3 months of intervention,and 28,31,and 28 at 3 months after intervention.SF-12 scores were 69,32,and 51 at baseline,81,81,and 83 at 3 months of intervention,and 78,38,and 59 at 3 months after intervention.The GDS-15 scale scores were 4,8,and 2 at baseline,2,6,and 1 at 3 months of intervention,and 1,8,and 4 at 3 months after intervention.The DJGLS scores were 8,7,and 8 at baseline,5,5,and 4 at 3 months of intervention,and 5,5,and 7 at 3 months after intervention.Semi-structured interview data indicated improvement in all five dimensions of cognitive function,quality of life,depression,loneliness,and self-efficacy of the subjects.Conclusion For older adults with mild cognitive impairment,it is of great significance to perform a non-pharmacological integrated intervention in terms of cognitive training,physical exercise,emotional management,social connection,and healthy lifestyle habits.The MoCA,SF-12,GDS-15,and DJGLS scores of older adults with mild cognitive impairment improved at 3 months of intervention,while the GSES scores improved at 3 months after intervention.GSES scores were not as effective after the intervention.All dimension scores showed a decreasing trend at 3 months after the intervention.
Non-pharmacological integrated interventionAgedCognitive dysfunctionQuality of lifeDepressionLoneliness
万方数据
维普
