Ferroptosis plays an important role in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)as a novel mode of programmed cell death.Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),acting as an inducible oxidase,has been shown the capability of alleviating oxidative stress and hepatocyte necrosis to prevent or delay the progression of NAFLD.However,the mechanism of HO-1 regulating ferroptosis and affecting the development of NAFLD remains inadequately explored.This review provided a systematic and comprehensive summary of the effects of HO-1 on NAFLD by regulating ferroptosis,and discussed the mechanism of HO-1 in preventing the development of NAFLD by summarizing the relevant literature in recent years,and showed that HO-1 regulates ferroptosis in NAFLD through the generation of antioxidants(such as bilirubin and CO),activation of the System Xc,and facilitation of ferrous ion accumulation,in order to provide a theoretical basis for targeting HO-1 gene therapy for NAFLD by methods such as pharmacological interventions and provide a reference for further research.