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广州市社区居民对中医"治未病"的知信行及影响因素研究

Analysis of Knowledge-attitude-practice Behavior and Influencing Factors for Prevention of Disease in TCM in Community Residents in Guangzhou

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背景 随着疾病谱的转变和现代医学模式的发展,中医在疾病预防、保健、康复方面起着重要作用,需要进一步推动开展中医"治未病"服务,大力发扬中医药在人民健康维护和促进上独特作用,而目前社区居民中医"治未病"理念普及教育情况尚不明确.目的 了解广州市社区居民对中医"治未病"的总体知晓情况、信任度及采用行为情况,探讨社区居民对中医"治未病"服务信任度的影响因素.方法 2022年4-8月,采用分层整群抽样法,结合地理位置(广州中心城区、城乡结合部、郊区)、经济等因素选择广州市 4 个行政区域 12 个街道的 652 位社区居民进行访谈式问卷调查.调查内容包括居民基本信息、对中医"治未病"知晓情况、获取中医"治未病"知识的途径、对中医"治未病"的信任度、服务需求和利用情况.采用二元Logistic回归分析对广州市社区居民对中医"治未病"服务信任度的影响因素进行分析.结果 652位社区居民中,67.79%(442/652)了解中医"治未病",77.91%(508/652)信任中医"治未病"服务,69.63%(454/652)的社区居民曾接受过中医传统理疗,仅有 6.59%(43/652)的社区居民过去一年接受中医"治未病"的服务次数超过 4 次.单因素相关分析显示,广州市社区居民中医"治未病"服务信任度的影响因素主要有年龄(χ2=9.218)、户口性质(χ2=19.356)、婚姻状况(χ2=2.490)、职业(χ2=17.889)、医疗保险付费方式(χ2=13.516);二元Logistic回归分析显示,户口性质(非农业、农业转居民、非农业转居民)是社区居民对中医"治未病"服务信任度的影响因素(OR=2.646、5.593、10.502).结论 广州市社区居民对中医"治未病"的总体认知程度(67.79%)及信任度(77.91%)相对较高,但实际服务的接受次数不足,存在"知、信、行"分离现象.非农业转居民户口的社区居民信任度较高,农业户口的信任度较低.应在开展中医"治未病"理念普及和服务工作中,充分利用居民偏好的形式,并针对特定群体加大宣传力度,以促进社区居民培养中医"治未病"养生保健习惯.
Background With the change of disease spectrum and the development of modern medical model,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is playing an important role in disease prevention,health care and rehabilitation.It is necessary to further promote the development of prevention of disease in TCM and vigorously promote the unique role of TCM in maintaining and promoting people's health.However,popularization and education of the concept of prevention of disease in TCM among community residents remains unclear.Objective To understand the overall awareness,trust,and adoption behavior of prevention of disease in TCM of community residents in Guangzhou,and explore the influencing factors of community residents'trust in prevention of disease in TCM services.Methods From April to August 2022,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to interview 652 community residents from 12 streets in 4 administrative regions of Guangzhou city based on geographic location(central city,urban-rural areas,and suburbs)and economic factors by questionnaires.The survey included residents'basic information,awareness and access to knowledge of prevention of disease in TCM,as well as their demand,utilization and trust in it.The influencing factors of community residents'trust in prevention of disease in TCM services were explored by binary Logistic regression analysis.Results Among the 652 community residents,67.79%(442/652)were aware of prevention of disease in TCM,77.91%(508/652)trusted prevention of disease in TCM services,69.63%(454/652)had received traditional TCM physiotherapy,and only 6.59%(43/652)had received prevention of disease in TCM services more than 4 times in the past year.Univariate correlation analysis showed that age(χ2=9.218),household type(χ2=19.356),marriage status(χ2=2.490),occupation(χ2=17.889),and medical insurance payment type(χ2=13.516)were influencing factors of residents'trust in prevention of disease in TCM services.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that household type(non-agricultural,agricultural to resident,and non-agricultural to resident)was an influential factor for community residents'trust in prevention of disease in TCM services(OR=2.646,5.593,10.502).Conclusion The overall awareness(67.79%)and trust(77.91%)of prevention of disease in TCM among community residents in Guangzhou are relatively high,but the actual number of services received is insufficient,with a phenomenon of knowledge-attitude-practice separation.Community residents with non-agricultural household type have a higher level of trust,while those with agricultural household type have a lower level of trust.During popularization and services of prevention of disease in TCM,it is necessary to fully utilize the residents'preferred forms,as well as to target specific groups,so as to cultivate the health habits of prevention of disease in community residents.

Chinese medicinePreventive treatment of diseaseKnowledge-attitude-practiceSurveys and questionnairesGuangzhouRoot cause analysis

钟艾霖、刘爱玲、周尚成、高三德、高婧、邹冠扬、陈颖尧

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510006 广东省广州市,广州中医药大学公共卫生与管理学院

510006 广东省广州市,广州中医药大学国际交流合作处

510180 广东省广州市,广州医科大学附属中医医院

510006 广东省广州市,广州中医药大学护理学院

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中医 治未病 知信行 调查和问卷 广州 影响因素分析

国家自然科学基金资助项目广东省教育厅广东省普通高校青年创新人才类项目广东省自然科学基金资助项目广东省哲学社会科学规划项目广州市卫生健康科技重大项目广州中医药大学2021年度人文社会科学项目

819739792021WQNCX0042019A1515011496GD19CSH042021A0310012021SKZX16

2024

中国全科医学
中国医院协会

中国全科医学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:2.04
ISSN:1007-9572
年,卷(期):2024.27(15)
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