老年人认知功能障碍调查及其影响因素研究
Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly:a Survey and Analysis of Influencing Factors
冯钰惠 1李珊珊 2陶剑文 1黄延焱3
作者信息
- 1. 200442 上海市宝山区大场镇大场社区卫生服务中心全科医学科
- 2. 200040 上海市,复旦大学附属华山医院全科医学教研组
- 3. 200040 上海市,复旦大学附属华山医院全科医学科
- 折叠
摘要
背景 随着人口老龄化趋势的加剧,认知功能障碍已成为中国重要的公共卫生问题之一,其中生活方式对认知功能障碍的影响值得深入探索.目的 了解上海市宝山区老年人认知功能障碍的患病情况,并分析文化程度、经济状况、生活方式、合并症等因素对其认知功能障碍的影响,为早期防控提供科学依据.方法 2020 年 7-8 月,采用分层随机抽样的方法,对上海市宝山区大场社区 374 名 65 岁以上居民进行问卷调查,同时采用蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表(MoCA-B)进行认知评定.采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究老年人认知功能障碍的影响因素.结果 共回收有效问卷 374 份,有效回收率为 100.0%.上海市郊区 65 岁以上老年人认知功能障碍患病率为 37.7%(141/374).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,聚会、聊天(OR=0.574,95%CI=0.350～0.941)是老年人认知功能障碍的保护因素(P＜0.05),而增龄(OR=1.568,95%CI=1.207～2.307)、独居(OR=3.569,95%CI=1.079～11.807)、每天静坐时间≥3 h(OR=1.944,95%CI=1.091～3.462)是老年人认知功能障碍的危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 上海市郊区老年人认知功能障碍患病率超过 1/3;高龄、独居、每日长时间静坐是老年人认知功能障碍的高危因素,应重点关注.
Abstract
Background With the intensifying trend of population aging,cognitive impairment has become one of China's significant public health challenges.The impact of lifestyle on cognitive impairment warrants further exploration.Objective This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of cognitive impairment among the elderly in the Baoshan District of Shanghai and analyze how educational level,economic status,lifestyle,and comorbidities affect cognitive impairment,providing a scientific basis for early prevention and control.Methods From July 2020 to August 2020,a stratified random sampling method was employed to survey 374 residents aged 65 and older in the Dachang Community of Baoshan District,using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic Scale(MoCA-B)for cognitive evaluation.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing cognitive impairment among the elderly.Results A total of 374 valid questionnaires were retrieved,with a response rate of 100.0%.The prevalence of cognitive impairment among the suburban elderly population over the age of 65 in Shanghai was 37.7%(141/374).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that socializing and chatting(OR=0.574,95%CI=0.350-0.941)were protective factors against cognitive impairment(P＜0.05),while aging(OR=1.568,95%CI=1.207-2.307),living alone(OR=3.569,95%CI=1.079-11.807),and daily sedentary time of≥3 hours(OR=1.944,95%CI=1.091-3.462)were risk factors(P＜0.05).Conclusion Over one-third of the elderly in the suburban areas of Shanghai suffer from cognitive impairment;advanced age,living alone,and prolonged daily sedentary behavior are significant risk factors that should be closely monitored.
关键词
认知功能障碍/老年人/影响因素分析/生活方式/多因素Logistic回归分析Key words
Cognitive impairment/Aged/Root cause analysis/Lifestyle/Multivariate Logistic regression analysis引用本文复制引用
基金项目
科技创新2030"脑科学与类脑研究"重大项目(2022ZD0211600)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据