摘要
背景 随着我国老龄化程度的加深和人均寿命的延长,高龄老年人(≥80岁)睡眠障碍受到广泛关注,睡眠障碍作为常见问题之一,严重影响高龄老年人的生活质量和身心健康,并能加重或诱发疾病.目的 对社区高龄老年人睡眠障碍研究进行范围综述,为我国社区高龄老年人睡眠障碍的早期诊治提供指导.方法 根据范围综述的研究方法,检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、OpenGrey、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网数据库中有关社区高龄老年人睡眠障碍的文献,检索时间为建库至 2023-03-15,由 2 名研究者独立筛选文献并提取文献的基本特征(作者、发表时间、国家、研究类型、样本量、评估工具或方式、患病率、研究结果).结果 共检索 10 486 篇文献,最终纳入 21 篇文献,其中英文文献 14 篇,中文文献 7篇;横断面研究16篇,类实验研究2篇,纵向研究3篇.分析结果表明,睡眠障碍在社区高龄老年人群中较为普遍(患病率在 10.0%～60.3%)且有严重的不良影响;共使用了 9 种工具或方式对其进行评估,其中包括 3 种结构化量表,较为常用的量表为匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI);社区高龄老年人睡眠障碍的影响因素分为社会人口学因素、身体状况及疾病相关因素、心理及行为特征因素;社区高龄老年人睡眠障碍的干预措施包括音乐疗法和治疗与交互模式结合的干预小组,但现有的预防与干预研究较少.结论 社区高龄老年人群的睡眠障碍患病率较高具有严重的不良影响,国内对社区高龄老年人的睡眠障碍认知不足,测评工具种类较少且缺乏特异性,影响因素复杂多样,预防及干预研究较为匮乏.
Abstract
Background With the aging and life expectancy increasing in China,sleep disorders in the elderly(≥80 years old)have received widespread attention.As one of the common problems,sleep disorders seriously affect the quality of life and physical and mental health among the elderly,and can also aggravate or induce multiple diseases.Objective To conduct a scoping review of studies on sleep disorders in community dwelling older adults over 80 years and provide guidance for the early diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders in community dwelling older adults in China.Methods PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,OpenGrey,SinoMed,CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP databases were searched for literature on sleep disorders in community dwelling older adults from inception to March 15,2023.Literature was independently screened by 2 investigators and basic characteristics of the literature were extracted(authors,time of publication,country,type of study,sample size,assessment tool or modality,prevalence,findings).Results A total of 10 486 papers were searched,and 21 papers were finally included,of which 14 were in English and 7 were in Chinese,16 were cross-sectional studies,2 were quasi-experiment studies and 3 were longitudinal studies.The results of the analysis indicated that sleep disorders were more prevalent with serious adverse effects in the community dwelling older adults aged over 80 years(the prevalence rate ranged from 10.0%to 60.3%),which were assessed by nine tools or modalities,including three structured scales with the more commonly used scale being Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).The influencing factors of sleep disorders were divided into three categories of social demographic factors,physical health and disease-related factors,psychological and behavioral characteristic factors.Interventions such as music therapy,therapy combined with interaction mode groups were found to be effective in improving sleep disorders.However,few prevention and intervention studies were conducted.Conclusion The high prevalence of sleep disorders among older people in the community is high with serious effects,there is insufficient knowledge about sleep disorders among community dwelling older adults and fewer types of assessment tools lacking specificity in China.The influencing factors of sleep disorders among older people are complex and diverse,with a lack of research on prevention and intervention.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据