北京市养老机构医养结合服务效率评价研究
Efficiency Evaluation of the Integrated Medical and Nursing Care Services in Beijing's Nursing Homes
朱丽丽 1郝晓宁 2郑研辉 3刘志 2周宇晨4
作者信息
- 1. 221004 江苏省徐州市,徐州医科大学管理学院;221004 江苏省徐州市,徐州医科大学卫生政策与健康管理研究中心;221004 江苏省徐州市,徐州医科大学卫生健康中国式现代化研究院
- 2. 100044 北京市,国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心
- 3. 100053 北京市,民政部社会福利中心
- 4. 100191 北京市,中国卫生经济学会
- 折叠
摘要
背景 我国老龄化程度不断加深,居民医疗与养老服务的需求与日俱增.探讨医养结合服务如何高效率、高质量发展,对积极应对人口老龄化具有重要的现实意义.目的 评价北京市养老机构的医养结合服务效率,为改善养老机构医养结合服务效率、优化资源配置提供参考依据.方法 2018 年 5 月对北京市养老机构现场调查.采用数据包络分析(DEA)的产出导向的BCC模型,对北京市 62 家养老机构医养结合服务的综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率分别进行评价.投入指标包括:机构床位数、医务人员数、养老护理员(护工)人员数.产出指标包括:完全失能/重度障碍老人数量、部分失能/中轻度障碍老人数量、自理老人数量.结果 北京市 62 家养老机构医养结合服务综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率中,DEA有效单元比例分别占12.903%、35.484%、12.903%,综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率平均值分别为 0.599、0.788、0.760.其中,规模报酬不变的占 12.903%,规模效益递减的占 70.968%,规模效益递增的占 16.129%.结论 所调查的北京市养老机构医养结合服务综合效率偏低,存在资源浪费、供需不匹配的现象.建议养老机构科学定位目标群体,提供精准服务,合理计算入住容量,推进医疗机构与养老机构的服务合作,而政府要继续贯彻相关扶持政策的进一步落地.
Abstract
Background The degree of aging in China is constantly deepening,and the demand for medical and nursing care services among residents is increasing day by day.Exploring how the integrated medical and nursing care services can develop efficiently with high quality is of great practical significance for actively responding to the aging population.Objective This study provided a reference for improving the service efficiency and optimizing resource allocation by analyzing the efficiency evaluation of the integrated medical and nursing care services in Beijing's nursing homes.Methods On-site survey of elderly care organisations in Beijing,May 2018.The output-oriented BCC model in Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)was used to evaluate the technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency of the integrated medical and nursing care services of 62 nursing homes in Beijing.Input indicators:number of institutional beds,number of medical staff,number of elderly caregivers(carers).Output indicators:number of totally disabled/severely impaired elderly,number of partially disabled/mildly impaired elderly,and number of self-care elderly.Results It is found that in the technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and scale efficiency of 62 nursing homes in Beijing,the proportion of DEA effective unit is 12.903%,35.484%and 12.903%respectively.The average values of technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are 0.599,0.788 and 0.760 respectively.Among them,12.903%of nursing homes are in the state of constant returns to scale,70.968%are in the state of decreasing returns to scale,and 16.129%are in the state of increasing returns to scale.Conclusion The overall service efficiency of nursing homes in Beijing is low,and there are phenomena of resource waste and mismatch between supply and demand.It is suggested that nursing homes should scientifically locate the target group,provide accurate services,reasonably calculate the input capacity,and promote service cooperation between the hospital and the nursing home.The government should continue to implement the further implementation of relevant support policies.
关键词
医养结合/养老机构/服务效率/数据包络分析/北京Key words
Integrated medical and nursing/Nursing home/Service efficiency/Data envelopment analysis/Efficiency evaluation引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2002600)
国家自然科学基金(71774034)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据