首页|分子生物学技术在结核诊断和治疗中的应用

分子生物学技术在结核诊断和治疗中的应用

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结核病是全球死亡人数最多的传染病之一.传统的诊断方法存在局限性,而分子生物学技术的应用为结核诊断和治疗提供了新的途径.本文重点介绍和讨论4种分子生物学方法的应用情况,包括环介导等温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)、线性探针检测(line probe assay,LPA)、基因专家系统(GeneXpert)、全基因组测序(whole genome sequencing,WGS)技术.这些新技术具有显著的优势,例如高灵敏性和特异性,能够鉴定结核分枝杆菌并检测耐药性;具有自动化和快速诊断结核病和耐药性的功能,并可揭示分枝杆菌的种类和耐药性信息,为个性化治疗提供支持.综上所述,分子生物学方法在结核诊断和治疗中展现了巨大的潜力,有望提高诊断准确性和个体化治疗效果,对于结核病的控制和防治具有重要意义.
Application of molecular biology techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide,causing a significant number of deaths.Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations,while the application of molecular biology techniques has opened new avenues for TB diagnosis and treatment.This article focuses on the introduction and discussion of the application status of four molecular biological methods,including Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification(LAMP)technology,Line Probe Assay(LPA)technology,GeneXpert,and Whole Genome Sequencing(WGS)technology.These novel techniques offer notable advantages over traditional TB diagnostic methods,such as high sensitivity and specificity for identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis and detecting drug resistance.Furthermore,these technologies facilitate automated and rapid TB diagnosis and drug resistance testing,providing insights into the species and drug resistance information of M.tuberculosis,thereby supporting personalized treatment.In conclusion,the application of molecular biological methods in TB diagnosis and treatment has shown tremendous potential for improving diagnostic accuracy and personalized therapeutic efficacy,thus holding paramount importance for the control and prevention of TB.

tuberculosismolecular biologyloop-mediated isothermal amplificationline probe assayGeneXpertwhole genome sequencing

龚文平、陈文

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解放军总医院第八医学中心结核病医学部研究所,北京 100091

解放军总医院第八医学中心病理科,北京 100091

结核病 分子生物学 介导等温扩增 线性探针检测 基因专家系统 全基因组测序

国家重点研发计划

2022YFA1303503

2024

中国热带医学
中华预防医学会,海南疾病预防控制中心

中国热带医学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.722
ISSN:1009-9727
年,卷(期):2024.24(1)
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