Molluscicidal effect of Chlorosalicylicamide against Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria straminea
Objective To observe the molluscicidal effect of a new molluscicide,10％chlorosalicylicamide(LDS),against the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni-Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria straminea,thus to provide the experimental foundation for the field application of this molluscicide.Methods The 10％LDS was formulated into the series of standard solutions with effective concentrations of 0.400 0,0.200 0,0.100 0,0.050 0,0.025 0 mg/L and 0.012 5 mg/L,respectively.B.glabrata and B.straminea were separately immersed in these solutions in the laboratory.The deaths of the above snails were observed after immersing into the solutions for 24,48,and 72 h,and the mortalities of each group were computed,as well as the median lethal concentration LC50(s)and relative toxicity indexes were calculated.Meanwhile,50％wettable power of niclosamide ethanolamine salt(WPN)was set as the drug group,and dechlorinated water as the blank control group.Results The effective concentration of LDS at or above 0.100 0 mg/L,or WPN at or above 0.200 0 mg/L resulted in a 100％mortality rate for B.glabrata and B.straminea after immersing 24,48,and 72 h.The LC50(s)at 24,48,and 72 hours for Biomphalaria glabrata immersed in the LDS series concentration solution was 0.047 95,0.046 52,and 0.037 10 mg/L,respectively;while the LC50(s)of B.glabrata in WPN serial solutions was 0.063 48,0.057 05,0.057 05 mg/L for 24,48 and 72 h,respectively.For Biomphalaria straminea,the LC50(a)at 24,48,and 72 hours in the LDS solution was 0.012 35,0.013 99,and 0.008 40 mg/L,respectively;and for the WPN solution,it was 0.058 95,0.025 71,and 0.0237 5 mg/L.Using WPN as the standard drug which had higher value of LC50,and the relative toxicity index of WPN was set to 1.00,the relative toxicity indexes of LDS against B.glabrata were 1.32,1.23 and 1.54 for 24,48 h and 72 h,respectively,while for B.straminea,it was 4.77,1.84,and 2.83.After 24,48,and 72 hours of immersion in LDS,the number of surviving B.glabrata was significantly higher than that of B.straminea,with a statistical significance(x2=8.044,5.263,4.658,P＜0.05,respectively).Conclusions Compared to the traditional molluscicide WPN,10％LDS shows a superior molluscicidal effect on B.glabrata and B.straminea,especially demonstrating heightened sensitivity and efficacy on B.straminea,suggesting its potential as a substitute agent for snail control.
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