Objective To investigate the current status and attrition among HIV-infected persons receiving antiretroviral therapy(ART),and to analyze factors affecting attrition in Hainan.Methods In this study,HIV-infected patients who started ART treatment in Hainan Province from 2005 to 2022 were selected from the antiviral treatment submodule of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 4 286 HIV-infected persons were receiving.A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze factors affecting attrition.Results Among the 4 286 study subjects,3 718 were males(86.7％),with a sex ratio of 6.55:1.Unmarried individuals accounted for 58.4％,and the average age was(39.68±13.17)years.Transmission through homosexual contact accounted for 49.8％,and 84.3％were in WHO clinical stage Ⅰ.Treatment regimens containing Efavirenz(EFV)accounted for 71.7％.During a follow-up of 19 677.44 person-years,the overall attrition rate was 0.80 per 100 person-years,with the first-year post-ART initiation attrition rate being 21.10 per 100 person-years.The results of Cox regression analysis showed that the time of treatment initiation in 2016-2022(AHR=2.40,95％CI:1.40-4.10),and the last HIV viral load(VL)20-＜1 000 copies/mL(AHR=3.69,95％CI:2.08-6.54),the last HIV-1 VL≥1 000 copies/mL(AHR=15.98,95％CI:9.46-27.01),and no last HIV-1 VL test(AHR=92.90,95％CI:57.68-149.62),the time interval from diagnosis to treatment for 1-12 months(AHR=1.62,95％CI:1.12-2.36),and an interval longer than 12 months(AHR=1.68,95％CI:1.07-2.62)were the main factors that increased the risk of attrition.Treatment regimens containing Lopinavir/ritonavir(Lpv/r)(AHR-0.34,95％CI:0.18-0.66)and treatment regimens containing integrase strand transfer inhibitors(INSTIs)(AHR=0.24,95％CI:0.09-0.58)were the factors that reduced the risk of attrition after antiretroviral therapy.Conclusions The attrition of ART in HIV/AIDS patients in Hainan Province is related to a longer interval from diagnosis to treatment,treatment plan,and abnormal HIV viral load test results.Case-based measures should be taken to address factors influencing antiretroviral treatment attrition,while improving the timeliness of antiviral treatment and treatment management service quality to further improve the efficacy of antiviral treatment.
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