Epidemiological characteristics of imported Plasmodium falciparum in China from 2017 to 2022
Objective Through analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of imported Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum)cases in China from 2017 to 2022,to understand the trend of imported P.falciparum epidemic before and after malaria elimination,and to provide data support for further prevention and control of imported P.falciparum.Methods Epidemiological questionnaires of P.falciparum cases in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government,excluding Taiwan,Hong Kong,and Macao)and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were collected from the parasitic disease control information management system from 2017 to 2022,and the epidemic situation,overseas foci,and distribution of three were statistically analyzed.Results From 2017 to 2022,a total of 7 026 cases of P.falciparum were reported nationwide,accounting for 64.2％(7 026/10 943)of the total number of cases,all of which were imported cases.The infected cases were distributed across 60 countries in 4 continents,mainly in African countries.P.falciparum was reported every month from 2017 to 2022,with uneven distribution throughout the year and a peak occurring at the beginning.The top five provinces with the highest number of P.falciparum malaria cases were Guangdong Province(13.1％,922/7 026),Jiangsu Province(9.1％,636/7 026),Shandong Province(8.1％,569/7 026),Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(7.6％,537/7 026),and Zhejiang Province(7.6％,534/7 026).The majority of cases were Chinese nationals(94.9％,6 668/7 026),with a male-to-female ratio of 17.2:1.Among the reported cases of P.falciparum,239 were critically ill and 48 died.Conclusions In the stage of preventing imported malaria retransmission,although all the reported malaria cases in China were imported cases,P.falciparum accounted for the high proportion.Considering the complexity and rapid progression of P.falciparum,which can lead to critical illness or even death,timely detection,accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment of malaria cases should be done to reduce critical illness or death.
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