Analysis of surveillance results of avian influenza virus in the poultry-related environment in Guangxi,2021-2022
Objective To monitor and analyze the avian influenza virus contamination in the environment outside the poultry-related places in Guangxi,and to assess the risk of human infection with avian influenza viruses,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza in Guangxi.Methods From 2021 to 2022,environmental samples from 5 kinds of poultry-related sites were collected monthly in 14 cities of Guangxi.The real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect the nucleic acids of generic influenza A viruses,and H5,H7,and H9 subtypes of avian influenza virus.The detection results of avian influenza virus in the environment of the poultry-related sites in Guangxi were collected for retrospective analysis.SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis,and the chi-square test was used to compare the rates.Results From 2021 to 2022,a total of 5 960 environmental samples were collected in 14 cities,of which 3 918 were positive for influenza A virus nucleic acid,with a positive rate of 65.74%;Among the positive samples,281 were positive for H5 subtype(7.17%),2 508 were positive for H9 subtype(64.01%),552 were positive for H5+H9 subtype(14.09%),577 were positive for type A but not H5/H7/H9(14.73%),and no subtype H7 was detected.The positive rate of influenza A in poultry-related environment samples was higher throughout the year in Guangxi;except for Wuzhou,which had a similar number of H5,H9,and A non-H5/H7/H9 subtypes,the H9 subtype was predominantly detected in other cities.There was significant variability in positive rates among different regions,with the highest being in Hezhou City(90.32%,653/723)and the lowest in Yulin City(28.96%,75/259).The positive rate of different specimen types ranged from 50.32%to 74.94%.There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of samples from different types of samples(χ2=163.08,P＜0.001),different months(χ2=172.69,P＜0.001),different regions(χ2=498.86,P＜0.001),different monitoring sites(χ2=370.01,P＜0.001).Conclusions There is severe contamination of avian influenza virus in the poultry-related environment in Guangxi,predominantly with the H9 and H5 subtypes.Therefore,the relevant authorities in Guangxi should strengthen the monitoring,management,and disinfection of poultry-related premises.
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