Epidemiological characteristics of reported dengue fever cases in China,2019-2023
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of reported cases of dengue fever in mainland China from 2019 to 2023 and provide a scientific basis for dengue prevention and control efforts.Methods The temporal,spatial,and population distribution characteristics,as well as the trends of dengue fever cases reported in the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)of China were analyzed using software such as Joinpoint regression,SaTScan,and ArcGIS.Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 43 095 cases were reported in China,with an average incidence rate of 61/100 000.The annual reported incidence rate fluctuated significantly(AAPC=-3.16%,95%CI:-54.16%-91.47%),mainly concentrated in 2019 and 2023,accounting for 96.83%of the total reported cases over the past five years.All age groups were susceptible to the disease,with the 30 to<40 age group comprising 22.6%of cases.Cases were reported throughout the year,with a rapid increase starting in June and a peak period concentrated between August and October(n=34 780,RR=12.44,LLR=29 262.52,P<0.05).The epidemic was primarily characterized by imported cases leading to autochthonous transmission,with the majority of imported cases originating from Southeast Asia(86.56%),particularly from Cambodia(46.11%,3 284 cases)and Myanmar(25.99%,1 851 cases).The epidemic characteristics varied significantly across different years,with high risks of autochthonous transmission epidemics in Southwest,South,and Southeast China.High-risk local transmission were mainly distributed in Yunnan and Guangdong.The duration of the peak period of the epidemic was affected by the timeliness of early detection of local transmission,and the peak value of the epidemic was related to the effectiveness of prevention and control measures.The scale of the epidemic was influenced by the pressure of by cross-border transmission and the ability to implement local measures for dengue prevention and control.Conclusions With the increasing trend of global dengue transmission,the risk of autochthonous transmission of dengue in China is rising.It is recommended to strengthen proactive early outbreak surveillance,along with well preparation of personnel,technology,and resources for dengue prevention and control.According to autochthonous conditions,reasonable management and risk assessment of cross-border travelers should be explored to effectively.
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