青年女性生育意愿与行为偏离的区域差异——基于文化和社会经济视角的发现
Regional Variations of the Fertility-Intention-and-Behavior Deviation among Chinese Young Women:Findings from the Cultural and Socioeconomic Perspectives
贾志科 1罗志华2
作者信息
- 1. 河北大学哲学与社会学学院
- 2. 华东师范大学社会发展学院
- 折叠
摘要
文章利用2017年全国生育状况抽样调查数据,基于经济学和人口学的理论,从数量和性别两个维度分析青年女性生育意愿与行为偏离的地域差异及其影响因素.研究结果表明:(1)数量维度的偏离以青年女性的生育意愿高于生育行为为主要表现形式,理想子女数比实际子女数平均高0.4～0.5个,性别维度的偏离主要表现为近六成的青年女性现有子女性别结构未满足理想子女性别结构,生育意愿与行为偏离呈现出明显的地域差异;(2)区域的"经济—文化"类型对生育意愿与行为偏离有显著影响,高人均GDP—强生育文化区域的青年女性生育数量与性别偏离的可能性相对更高;(3)生育意愿与行为偏离的影响因素存在区域异质性,城乡类型、流动状态、年龄、婚姻状况、婚姻持续时长、民族、受教育程度、工作类型和收入水平等因素对生育意愿与行为偏离的影响在不同的"经济—文化"区域存在差异.文章认为,完善生育支持政策应综合考虑地域文化和社会经济发展水平的异质性,力求实现"经济—文化"同向驱动和不同类型地区协同联动,推进人口的长期均衡高质量发展.
Abstract
This study examines the deviation of fertility behavior from fertility intention among Chinese young women,and it explores the geographic variations and its cultural and soioeconomic explanations.We use data from the 2017 National Fertility Survey,and find the following results:(1)The fertility intentions of young women surpass their actual fertility by an average of 0.4-0.5 births.Almost 60％of the young women have not achieved their desired or intended gender composition of births.Moreover,the deviation exhibits noticeable regional and cultural patterns.(2)The regional"economic-cultural"typology has a significant impact on the deviation between desired and actual fertility.Young women in the regions with high GDP per capita and strong fertility cultures are more likely to observe deviations of fertility behavior from intention in terms of both quantity and gender composition.(3)Spatial heterogeneity exists in the factors influencing fertility intention and behavior across different economic-cultural regions.Policy recommendations include considering the diversity of regional cultures and emphasizing cultural factors alongside varying socio-economic development levels.Efforts should aim for"economic-cultural"alignment and cohesive connection across regions to foster sustainable,balanced,and high-quality population development.
关键词
青年女性/生育意愿/生育行为/偏离/地域差异Key words
Youth Women/Fertility Intention/Fertility Behavior/Deviation/Regional Variations引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重点项目(21ARK006)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据