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国家对非国家行为体行使自卫权的国际法律问题研究

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随着全球化和国际事务的不断演变,非国家行为体在国际关系中的角色愈发凸显.探讨国家是否有权对非国家行为体行使自卫权的问题,认为国际法并未明确排除面对武力攻击时国家对非国家行为体行使自卫权的可能,同时指出尽管"不愿或不能"测试在维护受害国国家安全和非国家行为体所在领土国主权之间保持了微妙平衡,但这个学说缺乏学理支撑且国际上未形成法律确信,自卫权行使仍需遵循"必要性"和"相称性"原则.因此,在面临来自非国家行为体的武力攻击时,国家有权采取包括自卫权在内的必要行动来维护国家安全,但各国必须深化在国际和地区事务中的沟通协作,捍卫以国际法为基础的国际秩序,确保自卫权的行使符合国际社会的共同利益和国际和平与安全的目标.
Research on the international legal issues regarding states exercising the right of self-defense against non-state actors
With the continuous evolution of globalization and international affairs,the role of non-state actors in international relations has become increasingly prominent.This article explores the question of whether states have the right to exercise self-defense against non-state actors.It argues that the international law does not explicitly rule out the possibility of states exercising the right of self-defense against non-state actors in the face of armed attacks.It also points out that although the"Unwilling or Unable"test maintains delicate balance between safeguarding the national security of the victim state and respecting the sovereignty of the territorial state where the non-state actors are located,this doctrine lacks theoretical support and has not gained opinio juris internationally.Therefore,the exercise of the right of self-defense still needs to adhere to the principles of"necessity"and"proportionality".This implies that states have the right to take necessary actions,including the right of self-defense,to safeguard their national security when facing armed attacks from non-state actors.Moreover,countries must deepen communication and cooperation in international and regional affairs,uphold the international order underpinned by international law,and ensure that the exercise of self-defense aligns with the common interests of the international community and the objectives of international peace and security.

non-state actorsarmed attackright of self-defense"unwilling or unable"test

廖丽、秦冰燚

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武汉大学法学院,湖北 武汉 430072

非国家行为体 武力攻击 自卫权 "不愿或不能"测试

国家社会科学基金重点项目2024年武汉大学专业学位特色课程建设项目

21AZD092

2024

中国软科学
中国软科学研究会

中国软科学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.793
ISSN:1002-9753
年,卷(期):2024.(8)
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