Promoting Effect or Inhibiting Energy?The Double-Edged Sword Effect of Time Stress on Employee Work Effectiveness:Evidence from Meta-analysis
"Improving quality and efficiency"is the competitive advantage pursued by all industries in the VUCA era.The increasingly demanding working environment means that employees need to achieve work goals within constantly compressed time limits,which are more challenging than previous goals.Therefore,research and practice are focusing more on whether time pressure on employees can yield the expected benefits.This study quantitatively summarizes the dual impacts of time pressure on employee work efficiency using meta-analysis structural equation modeling,based on COR theory and CAPS theory.A total of 212 original articles were included in the study,with 292 effect sizes(total sample size N=103205),and examined the mediating effects of intrinsic resources,employee types,cultural backgrounds,and scale measurements.The results indicate that time pressure has both positive and negative effects on employees'internal resources,work attitude,work behavior,performance,and innovation.Specifically,time pressure has a positive effect by enhancing work efficiency,happiness,engagement,active behavior,performance,and innovation,while it also has a negative effect by increasing role ambiguity,burnout,knowledge hiding,and counter-productive behavior,as well as reducing mood,health,and job satisfaction.Time pressure improves work efficiency through constructive resources and diminishes it through energy resources.Situational factors such as employee type and cultural differences,as well as measurement tools,have a moderating effect.Therefore,research on the relationship between time pressure and employee work outcomes has provided more stable and universal conclusions.
Time PressureInternal ResourcesWork AttitudeWork BehaviorInnovation and Performance
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