Determination of Uncertainty in the Determination of Antibiotics in Raw Milk——Based on SNAP-Dual-Flow Enzyme Immunoassay
[Objective]To evaluate the uncertainty of the SNAP dual-flow enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)for determining the antibiotic content in raw milk.[Methods]Using a three-in-one test strip,antibiotics such as β-lactam,tetracycline,and cephalexin in raw milk were measured.The sources of uncertainty were analyzed,and a complete mathematical model was established.Each component in the model was analyzed and evaluated.The relative standard uncertainty was synthesized and expanded to obtain the expanded uncertainty of the antibiotic measurements for β-lactam,tetracycline,and cephalexin in raw milk samples.[Results]When the confidence level was 95%,the results of the antibiotic measurements in raw milk were:X(β-lactam)=0.64±0.173 8,with k=2,and the expanded uncertainty was U=0.173 8.X(tetracycline)=0.62±0.168 4,with k=2,and the expanded uncertainty was U=0.168 4.X(cephalexin)=0.37±0.100 4,with k=2,and the expanded uncertainty was U=0.100 4 mg/kg.[Conclusion]The uncertainty in the experimental process mainly originates from sample repeatability,sampling volume,test strip reader,and result calculation.This method can provide a reference for evaluating the uncertainty of the SNAP dual-flow ELISA for determining antibiotic levels in raw milk.
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