Effects of low pH on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of branchial and liver tissue of grass carp
The branchia and liver tissues of grass carp were treated atdifferent pH levels (6.0, 5.5, 4.5) for 4 and 7 d. The SOD activity of liver tissue at low pH was significantly higher than that in controls(pH 6.8) on the 4 th day, but the SOD activity of branchia tissue was not significantly different. On the 7 th day, the SOD activity of liver tissue decreased significantly in lower pH groups, whereas that of branchia tissue in pH 6.0 and pH 5.5 groups was significantly higher than that in controls and the SOD activity at pH 4.5 was significantly low. The results in hard water groups also show that low SOD activity caused by low pH (pH 4.5) can be raised by increasing Ca2+ concentration in water.