摘要
为构建珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ ×E.lanceolatus ♂)的运输方法,研究了低温暂养及模拟运输操作对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化指标和肝脏组织结构产生的影响.通过单因素试验确定不同降温速率、暂养温度、盐度、鱼水重量比对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼存活时长的影响,采用响应面法优化了低温暂养的工艺条件,基于最优条件对石斑鱼进行模拟运输试验,测定不同时段的水质指标、血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标,并通过光学显微镜观察鱼体肝脏微观结构的变化.结果表明,在降温速率为1.2 ℃/h,温度为15.7 ℃,盐度为24‰,鱼水重量比为1∶5运输条件下,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼可存活超过55 h.随着运输时间的延长,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性逐渐增强,应激反应使得皮质醇含量也快速增加,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性升高,肝脏组织损伤程度逐渐加深.本研究可为珍珠龙胆石斑鱼及其他海水鱼类的保活运输实践提供技术支撑.
Abstract
Pearl gentian grouper(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E.lanceolatus ♂)was studied to explore the cool acclimation process and evaluate its transport stress response through a series of biochemical indices.The effects of different cooling rates,water temperature,salinity,and fish-water ratios on the survival time of the pearl gentian grouper were determined.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the cool acclimation conditions,and a simulated transportation test was carried out on the pearl gentian grouper based on optimal conditions to determine the water quality indicators,serum biochemical indices,and liver antioxidant indicators at different time points;changes in the liver microstructures of the pearl gentian grouper were observed using an optical microscope.The optimal conditions for the acclimation process of pearl gentian grouper were obtained as follows:cooling rate of 1.2 ℃/h,temperature of 15.7 ℃,salinity of 24‰,and weight ratio of fish to water of 1:5.Under these conditions the fish could survive for(55.6±1.7)h.In the simulated transportation,as the operation time increased,the total ammonia nitrogen concentration,nitrite concentration,and conductivity of the water increased rapidly.Transportation operation induced a gradual increase in serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and lactate dehydrogenase activities and a rapid increase in cortisol levels,and their content returned to normal after 48 h.Serum albumin,total protein,triglyceride and total cholesterol contents decreased significantly at 48 h,indicating that transportation stress led to the decomposition of proteins and lipids in the serum,which affected the composition and content of the serum.The activities of liver superoxide dismutase,hydrogen peroxidase,and glutathione peroxidase were elevated during transportation as a pathway to counteract the oxidative stress of the organism.However,with the prolongation of transportation time,the organism gradually depleted and reduced the production of these enzymes,and the enzyme activities showed reduced trends at 48 h.Optical microscopy revealed that adverse effects on the liver tissue of pearl gentian grouper gradually increased.After 24 h,the arrangement of liver cells became chaotic and the overall morphology of the liver was lost.The study showed that the optimized cool temperature acclimation conditions were suitable for the pearl gentian grouper in simulated transportation,and different stages of transportation exhibited varying changes in water quality indicators,serum biochemical indicators,liver antioxidant indicators,and microstructure.These results provide technical support for the preservation and transportation of pearl gentian grouper and other marine fish.
基金项目
国家特色淡水鱼产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-46)
国家海水鱼产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-47)
海南省自然科学基金面上项目(321MS099)
广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目海水鱼产业创新项目(2019KJ143)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项中国水产科学研究院项目(2023TD78)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项中国水产科学研究院项目(2023TD740)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据